1. The farm use of biomass and other kind of renewable energy Sources
Prof. Dr. Kemal ÇELİK- ÇOMU- Prof. Dr. Şeref KILIÇ- ARU

2. Summary of the course
This course has been prepared based on the project training needs analysis report and on the state-of-the-art documents a power point template by the University of Canakkale in collaboration with all the partners to set up the training contents for e-learning materials on farm use of biomass and other kind of renewable energy sources, enriched by case studies and best practices.  
The course platform already designed include all basic and detailed teaching materials on all kind of renewable sources for production of energy at farm, compatible with typology and carachteristics of agricultural activities. The result have been shared on resave Project e-learning platform with a general Module of level 2 and level 3 and a detailed module of level 4 for the production and management of biomass, with an introduction to management of biogas plants.

3. To many people, the most familiar forms of renewable energy are the wind and the sun.
But biomass (plant material and animal waste) is the oldest source of renewable energy, used since our ancestors learned the secret of fire
Biomass is a renewable energy source not only because the energy in it comes from the sun, but also because biomass can re-grow over a relatively short period of time compared with the hundreds of millions of years that it took for fossil fuels to form.
Through the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll in plants captures the sun's energy by converting carbon dioxide from the air and water from the ground into carbohydrates complex compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. When these carbohydrates are burned, they turn back into carbon dioxide and water and release the energy they captured from the sun.

4. Better understand biogas and biogas plant !

5. Some designs to biogas plants1

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8. What is Biogas? Clean, efficient source of renewable energy
Made from organic waste
Produces methane
Anaerobic digestion
Replaces non-renewable energy
Digested in an airtight container

9. Why We need a a Biogas Digester?
Replaces fossil fuels and other sources of nonrenewable energy
Simple, cost effective designs
Highly available fuel supply
Better usage of manure
- no longer polluting water
- no longer being burnt
Saves money
Decrease greenhouse gas emissions
Produces organic fertilizer

10. How Does it Work ?
Manure mixed with water to create slurry
Slurry is put into airtight digester
Anaerobic decomposition
Methane created and collected
Effluent produced and removed

11. Hydrolysis, Fermentation, Acetogenesis,
Methane
Biogas O2
Amonio
CO2
H2S
+ Energy
Water with 80-90% less contaminants,
Organic Fertilizer
Hydrolysis, Fermentation, Acetogenesis,
Dehydrogenization, Methanogenesis
Water, Excreta, Organic Material,
Biodegradable Waste
Anaerobic Environment

12. Technical Requirements for Bio-digestorpH
Temperature
Time
Ratio of water to waste
Ratio of carbon to nitrogen

14. Effluent Fertilizer Only 90% pathogen free Sulabh Effluent Treatment
-sedimentation
-filtration
-UV radiation

15. Designs/Models / China Fixed Dome

16. India India Floating Cover

17. Calculations
100 goats’ and 15 people’s waste can produce 10 m3 of biogas
1 kW generator can run on 5.64 m3 of biogas for 12 hours per day
6 kW generator: m3 for 12 hours/day
(33.84 m3) * (1 / .4 m3/kg biomass) = 84.6 kg horse manure
30 yd3 dumpster filled to capacity 1-2 times per week
(30 yd3) * (27 ft3/yd3) = 810 ft3/dumpster
(810 ft3/dumpster) * (55 lbs/ft3 dry manure) = lbs manure/dumpster
(44550 lbs/dumpster) * (1 kg / 2.2 lbs) = kg/dumpster
(20250 kg/dumpster) * (1 / 84.6 kg/day) =
days/dumpster
30 yd3 dumpster filled to capacity (1 “pull”) 1-2 times per week
Barn pays for hauler per month, based on number of stalls- estimated $50-$75 dollars/stall, for 28 stalls
(1400 $/month) * (1 / 8 pulls per month) = $175/pull
(2100 $/month) * (1 / 4 pulls per month) = $525/pull
Each pull costs the barn between $175 and $525.