1. Econ 326
Prof. Mariana Carrera
Lab Session X
[DATE]

2. Outline

3. Panel Data
Dataset in which behaviors of entities (e.g., individuals, companies, countries) are observed across time.
Example:

4. Setting up panel regressions
Declare data to be panel data using xtset command.
Use xtline to visualize panel data.
xtline delay, overlay

5. Setting up time series data
Declare data to be time data using tsset command.
Allows you to use lead and lag operators: L. and F.
L.x = x(t-1)
L2.x=x(t-2)
F.x=x(t+1)
F2.x=x(t+2)
Two declaration syntaxes:
Straight time series data
Cross-sectional time series data

6. Fixed effects models in Stata
3 Stata commands for estimating linear FE models:
xi: reg
xtreg
areg

7. Fixed effects (xi: reg)
Example syntax:
Predictor variable
Dependent variable
xi: tells Stata to allow for factor variables
i.variable creates dummies for categorical variable varname
reg: basic OLS regression

8. Fixed effects (xi: reg)
Example output
N-1 entity-specific intercepts

9. Fixed effects (xtreg)
Example syntax:
Fixed effects option

10. Fixed effects (xtreg) Example output: # of entities
identical to xi results

11. Fixed Effects (areg) Example syntax:
absorb(varname) includes variable varname as a series of dummy variables in regression

12. Fixed Effects (areg) Example output: identical to xi results
# of entities

13. Clustering standard errors
Example syntax
Accounts for w/in county correlation of error term

14. Outreg2 (basics) Used to create publication-style tables.
Install with: ssc install outreg2
Basic syntax:
Can export to word, excel, latex

15. Replace, append, model titles)
Create new file or replace existing one

16. Use variable labels

17. Reporting significance levels
Add tstat to replace standard errors w/t-statistics

18. Decimal places
Decimal places for SEs
Decimal places for coefficients

19. Showing selected coefficients
Use drop() or keep() to select variables
Use nocons option to drop Constant from table.

20. Ordering coefficients
Re-order when running regression
E.g., to show year above population:
To specify ordering for multiple models:
Use sortvar() to order rows of table

21. Adding model stats w/addstat
To see what stats are saved by Stata.
Write name of statistic
r() or e() scalars