1. The 1st Ccommercial Electric Vehicle in Hong Kong
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The 1st Ccommercial Electric Vehicle in Hong Kong
Dr. Norbert Cheung
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2. Equipment and Research for Power Electronics
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Equipment and Research for Power Electronics
Largest Power Electronics Group in the region
30 Research Personnel
14 Academic staff
More than $11M R&D funding in 2008
More than 20 Consultancy projects
Produces more than 30 Journal papers and 40 Conference papers in per year
Supporting research for automotive: DC power conversion, Battery technology, Electrical system, Lighting, Motor technology, Actuation, Green energy
The team is well-known in the region for EV and power electronics design
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3. Acknowledgement ShenZhen Plante Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Acknowledgement
Silver Step Holding
Ritech Engineering
General Hope Ltd
FD Power
Ecotech Environ. Tech.
ShenZhen Plante
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4. Examples of Large Industrial Projects
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Examples of Large Industrial Projects
大型工业项目
Automotive HID and LED lightings $8.8 Million
(车载HID及LED照明系统，经费880万)
Polymer-bonded magnetic $4 Million
(聚合物粘合磁性元件，经费400万)
IVVC control for motors $0.72 Million
(电动机的IVVC控制系统，经费72万)
In-Wheel motor for vehicle $4.1 Million(车轮电动机系统，经费410万)
Next generation electric vehicle $4 Million(新型电动汽车，经费400万)
Integrated Charger and controller $4 Million
(集成充电器及控制系统，经费400万)
Electric Air-conditioning $2.5 Million(电子空调系统，经费250万)
Active suspension $6 Million (电子空调系统，经费600万)
Funding source: Guangdong and HK Governments industry and University(经费来源：广东省及香港政府，工业界，大学 )
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5. Our Electric Vehicle Capability to develop EV from 2kW to 20kW
Dept. of EE
Our Electric Vehicle
Capability to develop EV from 2kW to 20kW
Real prototype developed.
EV has designed:
MyCarTM 3-4kW
SmartTM 5kW
4-wheel Vehicle 10kW
Golf cart 3kW, 4kW
Integrated charger and motor vehicle: 3-20kW
…..Power the future

6. Electric Vehicle components
Dept. of EE
Electric Vehicle components
In-wheel motor
High Power Battery charger
Integrated charger and motor driver
LED front lighting
Adaptive front lighting system
High power motor drive and regeneration
…..Power the future

7. Electric Vehicle – Old generation of development 10 year ago
Power Electronics Research Centre
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Electric Vehicle – Old generation of development 10 year ago
Capability:
Conventional motor
Less Vehicle safety
No fail-safe
No battery management
Low-power Power conditioning
Incandescent lighting
Applications
Vehicle conversion
Moped
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8. Dept. of EE
EV show case
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9. Dept. of EE
EV show case
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10. Three units of MyCar developed for commercial market
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11. Specification Euauto Technology Ltd 3.75kW motor Weight 726kg 2 seats
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Specification
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Euauto Technology Ltd
3.75kW motor
Weight 726kg
2 seats
Battery 48V, 200Ahr
Maximum Speed 65km/h
Range: 100km / charge
Price : HK$90K – 100K
…..Power the future

12. The MyCar development Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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13. Vehicle Power Conversion and Power Converters
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Vehicle Power Conversion
and Power Converters
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14. EV Platform technology 电动车平台技术
Dept. of EE
EV Platform technology 电动车平台技术
High power battery charger
Battery diagnosis system
High power traction (propulsion) drive
Regenerative braking
Fully soft-switching for all DC distribution DC conversion
…..Power the future

15. Polymer bonded Magnetics
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Polymer bonded Magnetics
To develop new generation Polymer-bonded magnetic devices
Four companies support
Project $4 million Duration 2 years
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16. The techniques we use(核心技术):
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The techniques we use(核心技术):
High frequency switching (高频开关)
Soft-switching (软性开关)
High frequency magnetics (高频磁学技术)
High Speed synchronous conduction motor drive (高速同步传导电机驱动)
Features(特性):
High power density (高功率密度)
High reliability (高可靠性)
High temperature range(宽工作温度范围)
….Power the future

17. My Car in London Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
My Car in London
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18. In-wheel motors Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
In-wheel motors
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19. Motor Drive Dept. of Electrical Engineering http://perc.polyu.edu.hk
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Motor Drive
Technologies and Features:
Based on switched-reluctance machines
High efficiency
High low speed torque
Simple design and high performance
1st SR in-wheel machines in the world
Why our drive better :
Fault tolerance
Low cost – 20% < Induction motor
Direct drive
High power regenerative braking
Extend to Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
Extend to Skid steering (EST)
….Power the future

20. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Multi-objective Function
Optimized variables
Turn-off angle and turn-on angle
Developed optimization function
…..Power the future

21. 2. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
2. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
2-4 Block Diagram of Optimization Algorithm
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22. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Optimization Results - 1
Optimal turn-off angles (average value = 26 degree)
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23. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Optimization Results - 2
Optimal turn-on angles (average value = 5.5 degree)

24. Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Optimal Control for Motoring Operation
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Optimization Results - 3
Maximum multi-objective function

25. The structure In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The structure
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Appearance

26. The rotor In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The rotor
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Rotor silicon steel lamination
…..Power the future

27. The stator In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The stator
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
Stator silicon steel lamination
…..Power the future

28. The wheel In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors In-wheel SRM
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The wheel
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
In-wheel Switched Reluctance Motors
In-wheel SRM and wheel rim
In-wheel SRM
…..Power the future

29. Motor and Drives Electric Vehicle Development
Dept. of EE
Motor and Drives Electric Vehicle Development
Integration of motor and wheel
Minimize mechanical interfacing
Realize in-wheel motor vehicle
SRM driver
SRM Finite element model

30. In-wheel Motor Vehicle
Dept. of EE
In-wheel Motor Vehicle

31. Battery and energy storage systems
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Battery and energy storage systems
…..Power the future

32. Energy storage Critical for vehicle performance Development:
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Energy storage
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Critical for vehicle performance
Development:
Battery charger
Battery management system
Super-capacitor energy storage
…..Power the future

33. Battery charger Single phase power for up to 13A
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Battery charger
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Single phase power for up to 13A
Easier to obtain for power charging
Protection for over rating added
…..Power the future

34. Integrated Charger and motor drive
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Integrated Charger and motor drive
Combine two separate systems: Charger and Motor drive into single system
Reduce cost, size and weight by half
….Power the future

35. Integrated Charger and motor drive
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Integrated Charger and motor drive
Technology:
Based on phase-shifted power converter
Fully soft-switching
The power transistors are used for both charger and motor drive
Can be used for any battery and motor drive
….Power the future

36. Battery Management System
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Battery Management System
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
…..Power the future

37. Vehicle motor drive Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Vehicle motor drive
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38. Motor drive Development
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Motor drive Development
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Development for universal motor drive
Low cost
High power
Power regeneration
3-5kW : Market $6,000, Our price: $500
10-20kW: Market $20,000, Our price: $2,000
…..Power the future

39. Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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40. Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Control Circuit

41. Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Power Supply

42. Golf-Cart development
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Golf-Cart development
Motor drive
Charger
Power conversion
Body design
…..Power the future

43. Vehicle Lighting Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Vehicle Lighting
…..Power the future

44. Vehicle lighting High power superbright LED
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Vehicle lighting
High power superbright LED
Maximum power point tracking
Thermal management
….Power the future

45. EV Platform technology
Dept. of EE
EV Platform technology
Car lighting using LED
Design technology in LED head and tail lighting
Lighting control with superbright LED and tri-colour control
Replace all existing conventional tail and head light
Refractors
…..Power the future

46. Ballast of LED and HID technology
Dept. of EE
Ballast of LED and HID technology
High power, instant start
Life time compenstaion
Tail lamp
Ballast
Lid design
Headlamp prototype
Headlamp
…..Power the future

47. EV Platform technology
Dept. of EE
EV Platform technology
Test of Car lighting

48. What is AFS Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
…..Power the future

49. Overall Structure Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Overall Structure
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50. Mechanical Design Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Mechanical Design
…..Power the future

51. Circuits Design Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Circuits Design
…..Power the future

52. Mathematical Model of Motion
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Mathematical Model of Motion
X Axis Model
R: Turning radius;
A: Stability factor;
V: Velocity of vehicle
L: Wheelbase
V: velocity of vehicle
Y Axis Model
is static inclination angle.
is dynamic inclination angle.
ratio between height of lamp and height of vehicle
p static inclination value.
a accelerations.

53. Design From Others Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Design From Others

54. Our Implementation Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Our Implementation

55. Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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56. Vehicle Retrofit Convert conventional vehicle into electric vehicle
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Vehicle Retrofit
Convert conventional vehicle into electric vehicle
Remove the engine and replaced by electric motor and drive
Re-do power distribution
Rep-configuration the gear
…..Power the future

57. Smart Vehicle Development
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Smart Vehicle Development
…..Power the future

58. Other vehicle components
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Other vehicle components
…..Power the future

59. Active Suspension Dept. of Electrical Engineering …..Power the future
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
…..Power the future

60. The control methods Dept. of Electrical Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Block diagram of test on force characteristics
Block diagram of test on magnetic characteristics
Inverter provides switching signals
Block diagram of test on position trace
…..Power the future

61. Features Energy recovery from suspension motor High level of comfort
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Features
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Energy recovery from suspension motor
High level of comfort
Higher dynamic response
Adjustable control parameter to suit different vehicle and condition
Longer life time

62. Power Electronics Research Centre
EMI for Vehicle
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The high frequency around, the environmental is full of high frequency EMI
The high dv/dt and di/dt induce high damaged voltage and current to attack the automotive system
Near field test
Develop the EMI signature for vehicle components
….Power the future

63. Electric Vehicle Show Dept. of Electrical Engineering
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64. Electric Vehicle (Mercedes Benz -SmartTM)
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Electric Vehicle (Mercedes Benz -SmartTM)
Technology (技术):
Battery management and Battery charger(蓄电池管理与蓄电池充电)
Electrical system design(电气系统设计)
Vehicle lighting(汽车照明)
Motor design(电机设计)
Motor drive(电机驱动)
System control(系统控制)
Vehicle safety(汽车安全)
Type approved(类型有效)
Smart Specifications(参数):
Battery (蓄电池): 48V
Power(功率): 5kW
Range(路程): 100km
Charging time(充电时间): 8hr (slow) 2 hr (fast)
….Power the future

65. Solar Golf Cart Development 太阳能高尔夫车的研发
Dept. of EE
Advantages of Solar Car(太阳能车的优点):
Extend the life time of battery(延长蓄电池寿命)
Reduce cycling problem of the battery(减少蓄电池回升问题)
Plug-in power or solar power(插电式或太阳能) Life time extend to 5 years(寿命延长到5年)
Specifications(参数):
Battery(电压): V
Travel distance per charge(每次充电的行程): km
Maximum speed(最大速度): km/hr
Solar panel(太阳能板): Wp
Charging time(充电时间): hr slow慢,
quick快 2 hr (plug-in插电); 12 hr (solar太阳)
….Power the future

66. MyCar Launching Ceremony
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
MyCar Launching Ceremony in
Hong Kong
23 Oct 2009
….Power the future

67. Conclusion 1st plastic magnetic core for power conversion in the world
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Conclusion
1st plastic magnetic core for power conversion in the world
1st Large EV research group in Hong Kong
1st Self developed commercial
1st electric vehicle in Hong Kong
1st in-wheel motor using the switched-reluctance technology
1st Integrated charger and motor drive in Town car
1st charger station network in Hong Kong
Largest power electronics research group in the region
Highest number of research papers in power electronics, machines and drives in the region
….Power the future

68. Conclusion 结论 Power Electronics Research Centre (PERC) 电力电子研究中心(PERC)
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Conclusion 结论
Power Electronics Research Centre (PERC)
Fully supported from the industry and government.
Research in fundamental study as well as applied research
Aims - to help local industry and the region
电力电子研究中心(PERC)
得到了工业界和政府支持
基础研究和应用研究同时进行
目标 - 提升本地区及其工业界的竞争力
Contact: 郑家伟 教授 Prof. Eric Cheng,
香港理工大学，电机工程学系 Dept. of EE, HK PolyU
Tel: ,
….Power the future

69. Thank You