1. The Muscular System
I’m only 80 yrs. Young!

2. Function of Muscles Produce movement Maintain posture Stabilize joints
Generate heat

3. The Muscular System
Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement
Three basic muscle types are found in the body
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle

4. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
Most are attached by tendons to bones

5. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
Striated – have visible banding
Voluntary – subject to conscious control
Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue

6. Smooth Muscle Characteristics
Has no striations
Spindle-shaped cells
Single nucleus
Involuntary – no conscious control
Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs

7. Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
Has striations
Usually has a single nucleus
Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc
Involuntary
Found only in the heart

8. Muscles and Body Movements
Movement is attained due to a muscle moving an attached bone

9. Muscles and Body Movements
Muscles are attached to at least two points
Origin – attachment to an immovable bone
Insertion –attachment to a moveable bone

10. Five Golden Rules of Gross Muscle Activity
All muscles cross at least one joint
The bulk of muscles lies proximal to the joint crossed
All muscles have at least 2 attachments: origin & insertion
Muscles only pull. They never push
During contraction, the muscle insertion moves toward the origin

11. Effects of Exercise on Muscle
Aerobics result in stronger muscles due to increase blood supply
Muscle fibers increase mitochondria and oxygen storage
Muscle becomes more fatigue resistant
Heart enlarges to pump more blood to body
Does not increase skeletal muscle size

12. Effects of Exercise on Muscle
Resistance training results in the increase of muscle size & strength
Individual muscle cells make more contractile filaments & connective tissue increases

13. Body Movements

14. Body Movements

15. Trunk Muscles

16. Deep Trunk and Arm Muscles

17. Muscles of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh

18. Muscles of the Lower Leg

19. Superficial Muscles: Anterior

20. Superficial Muscles: Posterior