1. The Cold War

2. Cold War Characteristics
Political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the USSR that spread throughout the world
Struggle that contained everything short of war
Competing social and economic ideologies

3. Two sides of Cold War NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
USA, France, Great Britain, West Germany
CAPITALISM
Warsaw Pact – pro Soviet countries – USSR, and all countries controlled by the USSR.
COMMUNISM

4. Cold War
The Cold War was a time after WW2 when the USA and the Soviet Union were rivals for world influence.

5. NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization

6. Divided Germany Iron Curtain – A term used by Winston Churchill
to describe the
separating of
Those communist
lands of East
Europe from the
West.
Divided Germany

7. Improve your knowledge
Divided Berlin
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The Russians took very high casualties to capture Berlin in May They spent the early occupation trying to take over all zones of the city but were stopped by German democrats such as Willy Brandt and Konrad Adenauer. Reluctantly the Russians had to admit the Americans, French and British to their respective zones.

8. Marshall Plan
USA’s plan to send food, blankets, fuel to Europe to help them. AND to keep them from turning communist.

10. Berlin blockade led to Berlin Airlift

11. The Berlin Crisis: June 1948-May 1949
1948: three western controlled zones of Germany united; grew in prosperity due to the Marshall Plan
West wanted East to rejoin; Stalin feared it would hurt Soviet security.
June 1948: Stalin decided to gain control of West Berlin, which was deep inside the Eastern Sector
Cuts road, rail and canal links with West Berlin, hoping to starve it into
submission
West responded by airlifting supplies to allow West Berlin to survive
May 1949: USSR admitted defeat, lifted blockade
Map of Germany divided into zones after WWII
A plane flies in supplies during the Berlin Airlift.
Map of Berlin divided into zones after WWII

12. Nuclear Missiles!

13. Cold War tensions increased in the US when the USSR exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949.
Arms Race
Cold War tensions increased in the USSR when the US exploded its first hydrogen bomb in It was 1000 times more powerful than the Hiroshima atomic bomb.

14. Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA “would support free peoples who are resisting” communism.
This led to containment – policy of containing communism where it is.

15. Communism spreads like a disease
Domino Theory
Communism spreads like a disease

16. Korea and Vietnam
USA tried to contain communism. In both wars, communist troops fought armies trained and funded by the USA.

17. TIMELINE 1949 – China became Communist – supported N Korea
1950 – N Korea invaded S Korea
Sept 1950 – UN troops into S Korea at INCHON
N Koreans pushed back into N Korea
Oct 1950 Chinese invaded N Korea
UN troops pushed back to S Korea
– STALEMATE around 38th Parallel
April 1951 – MacArthur removed from position – replaced by General Omar Bradley

18. Communists invaded from the north
Communists invaded from the north. China sent a million troops to help reds.

19. TIMELINE Fighting continued until 1952
1952 – Truman replaced by Eisenhower
1953 – Stalin died
July Armistice signed

20. What is the United Nations?

21. United Nations
International Organization where countries try to find peaceful solutions

22. United Nations
It has no army but uses troops from other countries.

23. Vietnam War 1960s-1973 Why did US get involved?
Through the Kennedy years, US troops trained S. Vietnamese troops to fight the Reds.
Why did US get involved?
To stop the Communists

25. Bay of Pigs
The CIA trained and funded an invasion of communist Cuba. The invasion failed, and Castro had some powerful friends!

26. The Bay of Pigs An unsuccessful attack on Cuba
Designed to over through the government of Fidel
April 17th ,1961
Cuban refugees trained in U.S. Guatemala to fight Fidel
Violated agreements to not interfere in the western hemisphere
CIA advised Kennedy to attack

27. Soviet response.
Don’t worry comrade Castro. We got your back!

29. A U2 spy plane found these missile silos in Cuba, 1962.

30. The Cuban Missile Crisis
Oct.16, 1962 photos reveal Soviets building missile sights in Cuba
Options: negotiate with Khrushchev, invade Cuba, blockade Cuba, bomb missile sights
U.S. quarantines Cuba
Russia sends more ships, Khrushchev calls them back
U.S. agrees to remove weapons in Turkey for Russian disarmament in Cuba

31. Kennedy Khrushchev

32. End to a crisis! The Soviets removed the missiles in Cuba.
In exchange, USA pledged to not invade Cuba again. And to remove missiles in Turkey (right).

33. Afterward
A direct phone line was set up between their offices to bypass other channels.