1. Philip Johnson and John Burgee
Philip Johnson and John Burgee. College of Architecture, University of Houston. 1983–85.

2. Claude-Nicolas Ledoux. House of Education. 1773–79.

3. Environment – The distinct landscape characteristics of the local site.
Technology – The materials and methods available to a given culture.

4. Philip Johnson and John Burgee
Philip Johnson and John Burgee. College of Architecture, University of Houston, interior. 1983–85.

5. Pyramids of Menkaure (c. 2470 BCE), Khafre (c. 2500 BCE), and Khufu (c
Pyramids of Menkaure (c BCE), Khafre (c BCE), and Khufu (c BCE).
Original height of Pyramid of Khufu 480 ft., length of each side at base 755 ft.

6. Ziggurat, Ur. c BCE.
210 x 150 ft. at base.

7. Mesa Verde, Spruce Tree House. c. 1200–1300 CE.

8. Cribbed roof construction of a kiva.

9. Construction and Building Systems:
Shell System – One basic material provides both the structural support and outer covering of the building.
Skeleton-and-skin system- A basic interior frame, the skeleton, that supports the more fragile outer covering.
Post-and-lintel construction – A system of building in which two posts support a crosspiece, or lintel, that spans the distance between them.

10. The Lion Gate BCE.

11. Corner of the First Temple of Hera. c. 550 BCE.

12. Pont du Gard. Late first century BCE.

13. Arch.

14. The Colosseum (aerial view). 72–80 CE.

15. Barrel-vaulted gallery, ground floor of the Colosseum.

16. Barrel vault (top) and groined vault (bottom) construction.

17. Exterior, Pantheon. 117–125 CE.

18. Interior, Pantheon. 117–125 CE.

19. Amiens Cathedral. begun 1220.

20. Pointed arch.

21. Interior view of nave, St. Sernin. c. 1080–1120.

22. Flying buttresses, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres.

23. Flying buttresses, Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres, diagram (after Acland).

24. Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel Tower. 1887–89.
Height of tower 1,051 ft.

25. Wood-frame construction.

26. Louis H. Sullivan. Bayard (Condict) Building. 1897–98.

27. Louis H. Sullivan. Bayard (Condict) Building, exterior detailing.
1897–98.

28. Frank Lloyd Wright. Robie House. 1909.

29. Frank Lloyd Wright. Plan of the Robie House.

30. Frank Lloyd Wright. Drawing for Fallingwater, Kaufmann House. 1936.
15 3/8 x 27 1/4 in.

31. Frank Lloyd Wright. Fallingwater scaffolding.

32. Frank Lloyd Wright. Fallingwater, Kaufmann House. 1936.

33. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret. Villa Savoye. 1928–30.

34. Ludvig Miës van der Rohe. Farnsworth House. 1950.

35. Miës van der Rohe and Philip Johnson. Seagram Building. 1958.

36. Eero Saarinen. TWA Terminal, John F. Kennedy International Airport

37. Eero Saarinen. TWA Terminal, John F. Kennedy International Airport

38. Santiago Calatrava. Turning Torso Residential Tower. 2005.

39. Santiago Calatrava. Turning Torso Residential Tower, drawing. 2000.

40. Rem Koolhaas and Ole Scheeren, OMA, New Headquarters, Central Chinese Television CCTV. 2008.

41. Emilio Ambasz. ACROS Building (Fukuoka Prefecturial International Hall). 1989–95.

42. Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. Central Park, aerial view