1. Figurative Language & Sound Devices

2. Idioms A word or saying many people in a
certain place or area say. They do
not mean what they say.
“Break a leg!”
“You got up on the wrong side of bed.”

3. Hyperbole/overstatement
Exaggeration used for emphasis or
effect
I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse.
Opposite is understatement:
It’s just a little brain tumor.

4. Personification
When the writer makes a thing, idea, or an animal do something only humans can do.
The knife and fork danced as the baby
banged on the table.

5. Simile A comparison using ‘like’ or ‘as’
The dog’s coat was as smooth as silk.
The coffee cup steamed like an ocean liner.

6. Metaphor Comparison not using ‘like’ or ‘as’
The woman’s head was an egg.
The man’s eyes were deep oceans.

7. Adage and Proverb A saying that is believed to be true
Birds of a feather flock together.
Clothes make the man.
Practice makes perfect

8. Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to
Moo, buzz, splat

9. Allusions
A figure of speech that points to a person, event, place, or another passage within writing.
The boy came out of the locker room like a young Hercules ready to show off his strength and athleticism.

10. Alliteration The repetition of the beginning sounds of words
He is a lily-livered landlubber.

11. Assonance The repetition of vowels without repetition of consonants
It’s a holy stony pony.

12. Consonance
The repetition of consonant sounds

13. Rhyme Similarity of sound or an exact correspondence of two words
Run and done

14. Internal Rhyme
The rhyming words is somewhere within a line of poetry and both rhyming words are often in the same line.
A spatter a scatter a wet cat a clatter.

15. Slant Rhyme A partial or imperfect rhyme (assonance/consonance)
Dry and died
Grown and moon
If love is like a bridge
Or maybe like a grudge,

16. rhythm A pattern of sounds that makes a poem sound musical. The high
and low sounds the syllables
in words make when they are
written out in lines

17. Puns When you play with those different meanings to be funny or clever
When a clock is hungry, it goes
back four seconds.
I used to be a carpenter, but then
I got bored.
Old doctors never die, they just lose their patience.

18. Euphemism
A mild and pleasant expression that is used as a substitute for a harsh and blunt one. It means the same thing, but makes something sound more appealing.
Bath tissue=toilet paper
Exchanging words=argued

19. Oxymoron A phrase that uses contradicting words
The silence was deafening
Minor crisis
Only choice
Working vacation
Organized mess

20. Paradox A statement contrary to commonly accepted opinion
We must sometimes be cruel in order to be kind.

21. Allegory
An extended metaphor in which all of the elements of the story has meanings that lie outside the narrative. Meaning has moral, social, religious, or political significance. Characters are personifications of abstract ideas as charity, greed, or envy.
Wizard of OZ
The Lorax
Animal Farm

22. Parallelism
"It is important to remember that you are the future of this country,
that you are the future leaders of corporate America,
that you are the future politicians and leaders in Washington, D.C."
is an example of parallelism.

23. Satire When the writer or speaker tries to make the reader or
listener have a negative
opinion about something by
laughing at it or making
it seem ridiculous