1. Investigation of the effects of ß-blockers on CVS

2. Procedure 2 students acts as volunteers
PR and Bp recorded for each volunteer
Exercise for 5 min.
PR and Bp recorded immediately following exercise and after 3 min.
One student take 40 mg propranolol, other take placebo
Again record resting and exercise PR & Bp

3. Table of results After treatment 30 min Before treatment 3 min after
After exercise
rest PR Bp

4. Propranolol Prototype Drug Trade name (( Inderal )) Non-selective
Lipid soluble (cross BBB)
Low bioavailability (extensive 1st. P. E.)
T1\2 = hr.

5. Pharmacological effects
Cardiac effects :
Negative inotropic effects
Negative chronotropic effects.
↓ Cardiac output (COP) and O2 consumption
↓ S-A and A-V conduction velocity
All effects are mostly due to β1 blockade & more pronounced during exercise

6. Pharmacological effects
Vascular effects :
Prevents β2-mediated vasodilatation
Hypotension triggers a reflex peripheral vasoconstriction.

7. Pharmacological effects
Antihypertensive effects :
Reduction in COP
Reduction of renin release from the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney
Presynaptic inhibition (reducing ND release)
TPR

8. Pharmacological effects
Disturbances in glucose metabolism:
↓Glycogenolysis
↓Gluconeogenesis
propranolol can cause exercise-induced hypoglycemia
propranolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia

10. Clinical Uses CVS Angina pectoris: ! Myocardial infarction: !
Dysrhythmias : 
Heart failure : !!
Hypertension : 

11. Clinical Uses Thyrotoxicosis Migraine prophylaxis
Benign essential tremor
Anxiety

13. Adverse effects Bronchoconstriction Bradycardia
Arrhythmias. (rebound tachycardia)
Cardiac depression
Hypoglycemia
Fatigue
Cold extremities
Sexual impairment
Nightmares

15. Contraindications asthma and other bronchospastic conditions,
severe bradycardia
atrioventricular blockade
severe unstable left ventricular failure.
Diabetes