3. Community health nursing
Presented by:
Abdalrahman Mustafa Taha
BSc of Nursing
MSc of Community H Nursing
University of Khartoum

4. Out lines Introduction and definition of terms. 1- Health.
2- community.
3- Population .
4- Nursing.

5. Out lines 5-Puplic health nursing. 6- Community health nursing.
History of CHN.
Component of CHN.
Conceptions.

6. Introduction Terms: 1- Health:
Is a state of complete physical, mental, social, spiritual an well-being , and not merely absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)

7. Terms:
2- Community:
Is defined as a group of inhabitants living together in a localized area under the same general regulations and having common interest, functions, needs and organization.

8. Community:
Is a group of people sharing common needs, interests, resources and environments.

9. Terms
3- Population
Is a statistical aggregate or subgroup of people with similar or identical characteristics; may or may not interact with one another.

10. Terms
Nursing:
Is an art, science and profession by which we render, serve to human being to help her or his to regain or to keep a normal a state of body and mind and when it cannot accomplish this, it help him/her for the relief physical pain, mental anxiety or spiritual discomfort.

11. Public Health Definition
Public health is the Science and Art of :
preventing disease,
prolonging life,
promoting health and efficiency
through organized community effort.
(Winslow, 1920)

12. Definition of Community Health nursing
is a synthesis of nursing and public health practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations.

13. #Treat “ Population as a Whole”
#Focus on individual, family, groups, community
#Utilizing Health promotion, health maintenance, health education, and management, coordination, and continuity of care for meeting population needs.

14. Cont…
Is a field of nursing practice that applies knowledge &skills from nursing & public health toward the promotion of optimal health for the total community.
its focus on population groups rather than on individual clients.

15. History of CHN Before mid 1800:
Early home with focus in sick and poor individual.
Orientation: curative.
Agencies: not professional& religious orders.

16. History of CHN From mid 1800 to 1900:
District nursing with focus in sick and poor individual.
Orientation: curative/ less in prevention.
Agencies: voluntary& some government.

17. History of CHN
From 1900 to 1970:
Public health nursing with focus in family.
Orientation: curative/preventive.
Agencies: some voluntary& government.

18. History of CHN From1970 to present :
community health nursing with focus in total community.
Orientation: population health, services, health promotion and illness prevention.
Agencies: many kinds; some independent practice.

19. Component of CHN
The six basic elements of nursing practice incorporated in community health programs and services are:
1- Promotion of healthful living.
2- Prevention of health problems.
3- Treatment of disorders.

20. Component of CHN
4- Rehabilitations.
5- Evaluation and
6- Research.

21. Conception
The community health nurse conducts a continuing and comprehensive practice that is preventive, curative and rehabilitative.

22. Conception
The philosophy of care is based on the belief that care directed to the individual, the family, and the group contributes to the health care of the population as a whole.

23. Conception
The community health nurse is not restricted to the care of particular age or diagnostic group.

24. Conception
Participation of all consumers of health care is encouraged in the development of community activities that contribute to the promotion of, education about, and maintenance of good health.

25. Conception
In acute care the health of an individual is primary focuses.

26. Conception
Community health nursing focus and concentrate on families, population and the communities as a whole

29. Characteristics of Healthy Community:-
A awareness that (we are community).
Conservation of natural resources.
Recognition and natural resources.

30. Characteristics of Healthy Community:-
4. Participation of subgroup in community affair.
5. Preparation to meet crisis.
6. Ability to solve problems.
7. Communication through open channels.

31. Characteristics of Healthy Community:
8. Resources available to all.
9. Participation by citizens in decision making.
10 Wellness of high degree among its members..

32. Characteristics of Community Health Nursing:
1. It is a field of nursing
2. It combines public health and nursing.
3. It focus in population and environment factors that may impact to people’s health

33. Characteristics of Community Health Nursing:
4. It emphasize in health promotion, illness prevention, and wellness
5. Emphasize health rather than illness

34. Characteristics of Community Health Nursing:
6. It promotes client participation by a sense of responsibility among people for their own health
7. Illness prevention & health promotion.

35. Characteristics of Community Health Nursing:
8. Promotion of client autonomy & participation in health care.
9. Emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration with other health care team members.

36. Characteristics of Community Health Nursing:
10.Although the focus of community health nursing is remains health protection & promotion, clinical specialization such as school &occupational health nursing, have developed to meet changing societal needs.

37. Roles of Community Health Nurse
Care provider (functional role).
Educator.
Counselor.
Manager (Administrative role).
Leader.

38. Roles of Community Health Nurse
6. Collaborator.
7. Coordinator.
8. Advocator.
9. Researcher.
10. Role in evaluation.

39. Roles of Community Health Nurse
1. Care provider (functional role):
In community health practice, providing nursing care is different than in hospitals. This is because the target of service expands beyond the individual to include families, groups,& communities.

40. Roles of Community Health Nurse
2. Educator:-
Health teaching is part of good nursing care & one of the major functions of the community health nurse being mainly concerned with health promotion.
As educator, community health nurse facilitate client’s understanding & learning facts about health promotion.

41. Roles of Community Health Nurse
This could be achieved by sharing information with the client either formally e.g. through health classes in different clinics or informally at home.
3. Community health nurses also act as counselor to individuals, families, & community at large.

42. Roles of Community Health Nurse
4. Manager (Administrative role):-
In community health nursing (CHN ), the nurse’s role as manager includes managing family care, administering a clinic, or planning a project.

43. The manager role also involves leading, planning, organizing, coordinating, staffing, supervising, motivating & controlling service activities.

44. Roles of Community Health Nurses
5. Leader:-
Through his role as a leader, the community health nurse stimulates interest in health promotion, initiates therapy, guides in decision making, direct a preventive program, influences a health policy &effects change.
Thus the community health nurse becomes an agent for change.

45. Roles of Community Health Nurses
6. Collaborator:-
The community health nurse, being a member of the health team, assumes the role of collaborator between the different personnel of the team.

46. Roles of Community Health Nurses
the public health team includes physicians, nurses, social worker, nutritionist, dentist, educator, lab technicians… etc.

47. Roles of Community Health Nurses
7. Coordinator:-
the community health nurse plays an important role in coordinating between the different services in community.

48. Roles of Community Health Nurses
8. Advocator:-
The role of the community health nurse in client advocacy is to help him to gain greater independence & direct the health care system to the needs of the client by influencing change.
and also help to direct attention to inadequate or improper care &/or service provided to the client.

49. Roles of Community Health Nurses
9. Researcher:-
The researcher role is an integral part of community health nursing practice.
I t helps to identify needs, evaluate effectiveness of care & develop theoretical basis for community health nursing practice.

50. Roles of Community Health Nurses
10. Role in evaluation:-
Evaluation is continuous process & part of the community nurse. The community health nurse evaluates the effectiveness of care provided to individuals, families, or groups.
he also evaluates the effectiveness of services in health programs in special setting.