1. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
PREPARED BY
CH. AVINASH

2. Introduction to Management
UNIT-I
Introduction to Management

3. INDEX UNIT 1 PPT SLIDES S.NO. TOPIC LECTURE NO.
Introduction to Management L1
Concepts of Management of Organiztion L2
importance L3
Taylor’s Scientific L4
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT L5
Fayol’s Principle of Management L6
Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments L7
Maslow’s theory of Human NeedsS L8

4. DEFINITION
Henri Fayol(1916):To manage is to forecast and plan ,to organize, to command, to coordinate and control
Peter. F. Drucker(1955):Management is concerned with the systematic organization of economic Resources and its task is to make these resources productive.

5. Nature and Features Management is a social process
It also denotes a ‘a body of people’ involved in decision making
It is inexact science
It is an art and also science
It is profession
It is inter-disciplinary
It is complex

6. IMPORTANCE
It facilitates the achievements of goals through limited resources
It ensures smooth sailing in case of difficulties
It ensures continuing in the organization
It ensures economy and efficiency
It focus on group efforts
It is the key to the economic growth

7. Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory
F.W.Taylor –Father of Scientific Management
Taylor demonstrated the benefits of increased productivity and earnings through an experiment at “Bethlehem Steel Works”.

8. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
According to Luther Gullick
P-----Planning
O------Organizing
S-----Staffing
D----Directing
Co---Coordinating
R---Reporting
B---Budgetting

9. Fayol’s Principle of Management
Henri Fayol contributed 14 principles to management
Division of Work
Authority
Discipline
Unity of command
Unity of direction
Subordination of individual interest to group interest

10. Fayol’s Principle of Management
7.Remuneration
8.Centralization of authority
9.Scalar chain
10.Order
11.Equity
12.Stability of tenure of personnel
13.Initiative
14.Espirit de corps (Team work)

11. Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments
Mayo known for his famous experiment at Hawthorne plant of the western electric company, Chicago, USA, for evaluating the attitudes and Psychological reaction of workers on the job situations.

12. Maslow’s theory of Human NeedsS
According to him humans have 5 needs
Physiological needs
Safety needs
Affiliation or acceptance needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualisation needs

13. Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
Theory X: Assumptions
Employees are lazy
They require constant guidance and support
Some times they require even coersion and control
Given an opportunity they would like to avoid responsibility
They do not show any ambition but always seak security

14. Theory Y
Assumptions:
Some employees consider work as natural as play as rest
They employees are capable of directing and controlling performance on their own. They are much committed to objectives of the organization.
Higher rewards make these employees more committed to organization.
Most of them are highly imaginative, creative, and display ingenuity in handling organizational issues.
Give an opportunity , they not only accept responsibility but also look for opportunities to out perform others.