1. Chapter 1 : Introduction to Computers
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers
Ssk3000 – Information technology and its applications

2. The Digital Revolution
An ongoing process of social, political, and economic change
brought by digital technology
Computers
The Internet
The digital revolution
based on digital electronics
electrical signals can represent data, such as numbers, words, pictures, and music
The technology driving the digital revolution
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

3. The Digital Revolution
The process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices
Digitization
beginning with big, expensive, standalone computers
progressing to today’s digital world in which small, inexpensive digital devices are everywhere
The digital revolution has evolved
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

4. The Digital Revolution
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5. Data Processing
Some historians mark this time as the beginning of the digital revolution
But engineers built the first digital computers during World War II for breaking codes and calculating missile trajectories
1980s
Computers were operated by trained technicians
Not everyone knows how to do it
Who uses them?
processing components for computers were housed in closet-sized cabinets that did not usually include a keyboard or display device
Watch the Imitation Game film
What does it look like back then?
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

6. Data Processing Data processing
based on an input- processing-output cycle
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

7. The second phase of the digital revolution
Personal Computing
The second phase of the digital revolution
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Happens when:
personal computing becomes the model
Characteristics
small, standalone computers powered by local software
Local software
Any software that is installed on a computer’s hard drive
SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

8. Personal Computing
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9. Personal Computing
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

10. The third phase of the digital revolution
Network Computing
The third phase of the digital revolution
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Happens when:
computers became networked
the Internet was opened to public use
A computer network
a group of computers linked together
share data and resources
The Internet
A global computer network originally developed as a military project
Later handed over to the National Science Foundation for research and academic use
SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

11. Network Computing
a collection of linked documents, graphics, and sounds
can be accessed over the Internet
The Web (short for World Wide Web)
the Web, , multiplayer games, music downloads, and enormous software applications, such as Microsoft Office, Norton’s Internet Security Suite, etc.
1995–2010
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

12. The fourth phase of the digital revolution
Cloud Computing
The fourth phase of the digital revolution
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Happens when :
Local applications are being eclipsed by cloud computing,
Cloud computing
Provide access to information, applications, communications, and storage over the Internet
The expansion of cloud computing
Partly due to convergence
a process by which several technologies with distinct functionalities evolve to form a single product
SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

13. Cloud Computing
What is “cloud computing”
A computing metaphor where software and computing capacity is delivered as a “service” rather than as a “product”
Instead of buying and installing software, you access computing resources over a network
Two main ways :
Commercial cloud (accessed via “the Internet”
Private cloud (accessed via a private network)
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

14. Cloud Computing
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15. Cloud Computing important to the digital revolution
Convergence
important to the digital revolution
creates sophisticated mobile devices
owners demand access to the same services available from full-size computers on their desks
Social media
cloud-based applications
designed for social interaction and consumer-generated content
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16. Cloud Computing
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17. Cloud Computing
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18. Scaling thing (1) Personal computer Simple, personal computing tasks
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19. Scaling thing (2) Network computer Common tasks, resources 9/8/2017
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20. Scaling thing (4) Cloud computer Services .. 9/8/2017
SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

21. Cloud computing
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22. Cloud Computing Lower computer costs Improved performance
Advantages
Lower computer costs
Improved performance
Reduced software costs
Instant software updates
Improved document format compatibility
Unlimited storage capacity
Increased data reliability
Universal document access
Latest version availability
Easier group collaboration
Device independence
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SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

23. Cloud Computing Requires a constant Internet connection
Disadvantages
Requires a constant Internet connection
Does not work well with low-speed connections
Features might be limited
Can be slow
Stored data might not be secure
Stored data can be lost
Compatibility for clouds/DB/etc.
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24. Some cloud providers 9/8/2017
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25. Privacy, personal data When it comes to the privacy of data Example
there are a lot of problems with the legislation
Example
the processing of personal data and its protection.
Important to take into account
The confidentiality of the data that will be stored in a "cloud"
To store secret and top secret data in the "cloud" environments is not absolutely safe
That's why government agencies are still not switched to “clouds”
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The End
SSK Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers
New Perspectives on Computer Concepts, 2016, Parsons, J.J. (2016)
Course Technology, Cengage Learning.