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The Renaissance.

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Presentation on theme: "The Renaissance."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Renaissance

2 The Renaissance How can we describe the Renaissance as a movement of “rediscovery”? What were some of the significant innovations of the age?

3 The Early Modern Period
“Early Modern”? (ca ) Followed Middle Ages What was happening in Europe? Movement toward secular state Divided Western Christianity Growing emphasis on science World becoming more global, more dominated by Europe

4 Origins and Humanism The Renaissance
“Rebirth” of culture and heritage of Greco-Roman antiquity Italian Origins Wealth Remnants and ruins of ancient world

5 Origins and Humanism Humanism
Emphasized study of form and content of classical learning Goal: recapture culture of ancient world  improvement of individuals and society Interests of Humanists: classical languages and documents, liberal arts “Ad fontes!”

6 Origins and Humanism Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374) Renowned humanist
Hated Middle Ages! Encouraged revival of classical studies Wrote in classical Latin Searched for ancient manuscripts

7 Origins and Humanism Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Florentine chancellor Met important international leaders  “experience” The Prince (1513) Manual for despots Prince might have to be immoral Lion and the fox “Virtue” in politics is ambiguous! “Political realism”

8 Origins and Humanism Questions?

9 Italian Art and Architecture
Medieval Traditions Spiritual iconography Paintings influenced by Byzantine style Stiff, solemn figures Shallow, flat space Golden skies! Gothic architecture Madonna and Child (early 13th cent.)

10 Italian Art and Architecture
Renaissance Goals Imitate nature Revive classical idealism, architectural motifs Capture sense of individual Emotion Portraiture Polykleitos, Doryphoros (ca. 450 BC)

11 Italian Art and Architecture
Linear Perspective Goal: create illusion of 3D Observations of artists Parallel lines “converge” as they recede into the distance Objects’ sizes vary depending on distance from viewer

12 Italian Art and Architecture
By Giotto, Arena Chapel ( )

13 Italian Art and Architecture
Giotto’s The Lamentation, Arena Chapel

14 Italian Art and Architecture
Donatello’s David ( ) Bronze First freestanding, life-sized nude since antiquity Renaissance traits Classical nude male Movement Calm, ideal beauty

15 Italian Art and Architecture
Leonardo’s The Last Supper (ca ) Mural Subject: announcement of coming betrayal of Christ Renaissance traits: individuality, psychology

16 Italian Art and Architecture
Leonardo’s The Mona Lisa ( ) Portrait of Florentine merchant’s wife Donna Lisa Individualized, yet idealized! Ambiguous smile!

17 Italian Art and Architecture

18 Italian Art and Architecture
Leonardo’s Embryo in the Womb (ca. 1510) Leonardo’s The Virtruvian Man (1490)

19 Italian Art and Architecture
Michelangelo’s David ( ) Huge! Renaissance traits Pent-up energy Visage is tense, psychological insight Demonstrates knowledge of human body

20 Italian Art and Architecture
Michelangelo’s vaulted Ceiling, Sistine Chapel ( )

21 Italian Art and Architecture
The Creation of Adam ( )

22 Italian Art and Architecture
Detail: Christ as Judge, the Virgin Michelangelo’s The Last Judgment ( )

23 Italian Art and Architecture
Raphael, The School of Athens ( )

24 Italian Art and Architecture
Guess who?

25 Italian Art and Architecture
Façade of S. Andrea, Mantua (ca. 1470) Architect: Alberti Temple front Triumphal arch

26 Italian Art and Architecture
Dome, Florence Cathedral ( ) Cathedral’s construction began ca. 1296 Engineering problems  no dome! Brunelleschi ( ) Student of classical architecture Resolved engineering problems Created most celebrated dome since antiquity!

27 Italian Art and Architecture
Questions?

28 The Northern Renaissance

29 The Northern Renaissance
The Printing Press Moveable lead type developed ca. 1450 Attributed to Johann Gutenberg Can now print many copies of a book Huge impact on Europe Ideas spread rapidly Increased literacy Books now cheaper

30 The Northern Renaissance
Northern Humanism Classics “Christian Humanism” Religious reform

31 The Northern Renaissance
Erasmus of Rotterdam ( ) Dutch “Prince of Humanists” Projects Praise of Folly (1511) Critical edition of Greek New Testament (1516)

32 The Northern Renaissance
Sir Thomas More ( ) English lawyer, lord chancellor Very spiritual English Humanist Wrote history Utopia (1516)

33 The Northern Renaissance
Northern Art Interest in oil painting Vibrant color Minute detail Jan van Eyck’s The Arnolfini Portrait (1434) Portrait of Italian banker, his betrothed Detail and depth Spiritual symbolism

34 The Northern Renaissance
William Shakespeare (ca ) Playwright, London Greatest English writer Many plays set in Roman, English past

35 The Northern Renaissance

36 The Northern Renaissance
Questions?

37 The Renaissance How can we describe the Renaissance as a movement of “rediscovery”? What were some of the significant innovations of the age?

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