1. Renaissance Part I: Introduction to the Renaissance
Part II: The Northern Renaissance
World History

2. PART I

3. What was the Renaissance?
A time of creativity and change in many areas in politics, social issues, economic issues, and in culture
People changed the way they saw themselves and they way they viewed the world

4. What was the Renaissance?
Revival in learning about Greece and Rome, which leads to people exploring the unexplored
Latin was preserved in the Church & by educated people
Christopher Columbus sailed to the Americans in 1492
Nicolaus Copernicus revolutionized the way people thought about the world (Father of Astronomy).

5. Italian City-States
The Renaissance began in Italy and then spread north to the rest of Europe. Italy was the birthplace of the Renaissance for several reasons.

6. ITALIAN CITY-STATES Why Italy? New interest as culture in ancient Rome
Italy’s cities survived the Middle Ages
In the North: Florence, Milan, Venice, and Genoa
In the Center: Naples
Wealthy merchants in these city-states contributed to the rebirth through political and economic means
Stressed education, individual achievement,
and the arts.
Dominated politics

7. Florence and the Medici Family
Symbol of the Renaissance
Produced gifted poets, architects, scholars, and scientists
Medici, a family in Florence, became successful in the banking business, wool and mining
Most powerful family in Europe
Had political and cultural say
Cosimo de’Medici came to control the government in 1434
Family members continued to rule the city without a crown

8. Classical and Worldly Values
Humanism
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements
Returned subjects taught by the ancient Greeks and Romans
Secular
Adopted a worldly view than spiritual view
Patrons
One who financially supported artists

9. The Renaissance Man and Woman
Baldassare Castiglione wrote in his book entitled Book of the Courtier about the manners, skills, and learning a man and a woman should have:
Men: athletic, but not overactive, good at games, but not a gambler, plays a musical instrument and knows literature and history, but not arrogant
Women: graceful and kind, lively, but reserved, and outer beauty, but inner goodness

10. Renaissance and Art & Architecture
Art was very realistic and used the rule of shading and perspective, giving painting a three- dimensional look

11. Renaissance Writers Change Literature
Poets, artists, politicians, and scholars mingled among each other
“How to” books sprung up to help ambitious men and women who wanted to rise in the Renaissance world
Writers wrote in the vernacular instead of Latin
Famous writers include
Niccolo Machiavelli
Vittoria Colonna

12. PART II

13. Northern Renaissance Begins
Population began to rise after the Black Death
The Hundred Years’ War ended between France and England causing many cities to grow rapidly
Urban merchants became wealthy & sponsored artists

14. Italy versus Northern Europe
Compare & Contrast
Italy was controlled by wealthy families in city-states that were not unified
England & France were unified under powerful monarchs
Results
Ideas of Italian Renaissance spread North
Ideas focused on realism and human dignity VS

15. What is a Northern Humanist?
Stressed education while focusing on religious themes
Wanted to redefine formal education (funded co-ed schools)

16. Famous Humanists Erasmus Thomas More
Wrote in the vernacular (example: Bible)
Spoke out against the corruption in the church and called for reform
Thomas More
Stressed equality (education)
Justice is used to end crime
Utopia: A perfect/ideal society

17. Today’s Vernacular Translate:
Gold and silver, of which money is made, are so treated…that no one values them more highly than their true nature deserves. Who does not see that they are far inferior to iron in usefulness since without iron mortals cannot live any more than without fire and water? –Thomas More, Utopia
My Translation:
Gold and silver look nice, but iron is more useful and more valuable. Do not worry about money, worry about what is useful for society.

18. Your Utopia
What is your Utopia? Define your Utopia.

19. The Printing Revolution
Johann Gutenberg
Improved movable type
Printed the first Bible using the improved printing press
Why do you think the Bible was the first book printed with movable type?
Many Europeans were religious

20. Communication Revolutions
Changes:
Printed books
Cheaper books
More people learned to read
Readers gained a broad range of knowledge
Medicine, law, astrology, and mining
Contributed to religious turmoil (WHY)
Information once available to a small percentage could now spread to vast numbers of people

21. Communication Revolutions
List modern-day communication revolutions…
How would you compare the contrast the impact of the printing press with the impact of the Internet?
Information is easier to access
Changes affect society
More ways to access information today
Internet spreads information faster

22. Legacy: Changes in the Arts
Paintings and sculptures portrayed individuals and nature in more realistic ways
Works were created that were secular and religious
Writers used the vernacular to express their ideas
Arts praised individual achievement

23. Legacy: Changes in Society
Information more available and inexpensive by the printing press
Increased desire for learning and rise of literacy
Legal proceedings made laws clear so people could understand their rights
Christian Humanists attempt to reform society
People question political and religious practices