1. Agostino Lanza, on behalf of the APOLLO Collaboration
C. Abbate(a,b), S. Baccaro(c,b), G. Busatto(a,b), M. Citterio(d), P. Cova (e,f), N. Delmonte(e,f), V. De Luca(a,b), S. Fiore(c), F. Giuliani(e), F. Iannuzzo(a,b), A. Lanza(f), S. Latorre(d), M. Lazzaroni (g,d), A. Sanseverino(a,b) , G. Spiazzi(h,i), F. Velardi(a,b)
aDipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, Cassino (Italy)
bINFN Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 2, Roma (Italy)
cENEA UTTMAT, via Anguillarese 301, Santa Maria di Galeria, Roma (Italy)
dINFN Milano, via Celoria 16, Milano (Italy)
eDipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Parma,viale G.P. Usberti 181/A, Parma (Italy)
fINFN Pavia, via A. Bassi 6, Pavia (Italy)
gDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, Milano (Italy)
hDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Padova, via Gradenigo 6/A, Padova (Italy)
iINFN Padova, via Marzolo 8, Padova (Italy)

2. Aim of the Apollo project (1)
Developing R&D to design the second generation of high and low power systems able to operate in the very hostile environment of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) major experiments (Atlas and CMS). The radiation requirements after the so-called phase 2 upgrade (2024 – 2035) will be, for different experimental zones:
g-rays up to 4.5 kGy;
hadrons up to 2 x 1013 h/cm2 (>20MeV);
neutrons up to 7.7 x 1013 n/cm2, 1 MeV equivalent
and the static B field will be:
up to 2 T.
Thermal conditions are critical as well. Power systems must not increase their external temperature by more than a few degrees (DT in Atlas < 3 degrees centigrades) in the worst case.
Target of the project is the design of:
High current/medium voltage DC/DC power converters (typically V)
Low current/low voltage Point of Loads (5 – 20 2 – 3 V)
May 29th, 2014
Meeting with EPC - A. Lanza

3. Aim of the Apollo project (2)
Possible applications, tailored on the present R&D, are:
Atlas Liquid Argon (Lar) Calorimeters
Atlas Muon detectors, in both Endcap and Barrel regions
Health Physics, like NMR and accelerators for hadron-therapy
The R&D activities included several GaN devices for bench tests, for tests under radiation and in B field. We are interested in this new technology because of:
very good power performance
fast switching
intrinsic radiation hardness
We have used up to now GaN devices with 40 V and 200 V Vds, but we would like to get new generation devices with increased Vds
Apollo was active from 2010 up to 2013, following an initial R&D supported by the Italian Ministry of Education and Research (MIUR), and was budgeted by INFN. Now we are looking for other possible sources of budget
May 29th, 2014
Meeting with EPC - A. Lanza