1. Connections to Today
List and describe the ongoing effects of industrialization.

2. Overpopulation

3. Star represents when Industrial revolution began.

5. Famine
Famine is the “triple failure” of (1) food production, (2) people’s ability to access food and, finally and most crucially (3) in the political response by governments and international donors. Crop failure and poverty leave people vulnerable to starvation – but famine only occurs with political failure. In Somalia, years of internal violence and conflict have been highly significant in creating the conditions for famine. – Oxfam International

6. Famine
Many historians say that Malthus’ theory on population was wrong because the industrialized nations of Europe avoided famine by decreasing their average family size. What they don’t elaborate on is that they also supplemented their food supply by subjugating Ireland and conquering nations in Africa and Asia. (Remember, the winners write the history books). So, looking at the ongoing problems in these regions, what do you think of Malthusian Theory now?
As nations in Africa and Asia now try to follow in Europe’s footsteps of industrialization, what evidence do you see of history repeating itself?

7. Pollution

8. Will China Choke On its Own Growth?
It's starting to feel like China is reaching its environmental limits. If it doesn't radically change to "greener," more sustainable modes of transportation, production, and power generation, the China miracle will turn into an eco-nightmare. For some three decades, China's economy has grown at around 10 percent per year, based on low-cost labor and little regard for the waste it pumps into its rivers and the air. But China can't grow now and clean up later: The pace and scale of its growth will make later too late. Chinese officials fear that if they move to U.S.-level green production and environmental cleanup, "China will not be such a low-cost producer anymore, and that will affect jobs," notes Dan Rosen, an expert on China's economy. But what they are missing is that going green is an opportunity. Pollution represents waste and inefficiency. Green companies are always more efficient, Rosen adds, and China has a chance to become a major innovator of low-cost green solutions.
—Thomas L. Friedman, NY Times Upfront,

9. http://www. glencoe. com/video_library/index_with_mods. php

10. Global Warming

11. Carbon Dioxide leads to global warming
Carbon Dioxide leads to global warming. Big guy = Industrial Countries and Little guy = Developing Countries.

12. Rich nations point out that developing countries, while responsible for just 26 percent of carbon emissions since 1950, are quickly becoming major emitters in their own right. And, as industrial countries emphasize, booming populations and economic growth are fueling an explosive increase in carbon emissions. The United States Department of Energy projects that carbon output from developing nations will, in the absence of any new policies, outgrow that of their neighbors as early as 2020, with China eclipsing the United States as the world’s leading emitter by 2015.
— World Watch,1998

14. Child labor
To save on labor costs in the 1990s, many corporations have moved their manufacturing operations overseas to poor countries. In sweatshops in these developing countries, young children work long hours under wretched conditions. They are unprotected by child labor laws. For mere pennies per hour, children sort vegetables, stitch soccer balls, or assemble expensive basketball shoes. In the United States each year $178 billion worth of clothing is sold. Some studies estimate more than half of that clothing is manufactured in sweatshops where children work. Like the children who toiled in Manchester’s factories in the 1800s, children labor to help support their families.

15. Child labor is a problem throughout the world, especially in developing (now industrializing) countries. Africa and Asia together account for over 90 percent of total child employment Children work for a variety of reasons, the most important being poverty and the pressure upon them to escape from this plight. Though children are not well paid, they still serve as major contributors to family income in developing countries. Schooling problems also contribute to child labor, whether it be the inaccessibility of schools or the lack of quality education which spurs parents to enter their children in more profitable pursuits
Working children are the objects of extreme exploitation in terms of toiling [working] for long hours for minimal pay. Their work conditions are especially severe, often not providing proper physical and mental development However, there are problems with the solution of immediately abolishing child labor to prevent such abuse. First, there is no international agreement defining child labor, making it hard to isolate cases of abuse, let alone abolish them. Second, many children may have to work in order to attend school so abolishing child labor may only hinder their education The state could help make it worthwhile for a child to attend school, whether it be by providing students with nutritional supplements or increasing the quality and usefulness of obtaining an education. There must be an economic change in the condition of a struggling family to free a child from the responsibility of working. Family subsidies can help provide this support.

16. Connections to Today
List and describe the ongoing effects of industrialization.