1. School on the Cloud: Working Group 1 Leadership & Management in Education
Karl Donert, Director: Innovative Learning Network Ltd.
Geospatial activity is booming in Europe. In many countries, demand for a geospatial workforce is not being met by supply. Central administration (the European Commission and Ministries of Education) seem largely unaware of the problems being faced by the industry. Connecting stakeholders is essential for the future. This presentation reports on initiatives to support and enhance geospatial education in different education sectors. It suggests the role and importance of networking and developing a strong lobby for geospatial education for all and sets out goals for those working in the geospatial sector to consider when attempting to redress the situation.
School on the Cloud WG1 meeting, Sofia, Bulgaria, January

2. Meeting Purpose
Understand the roles of Leaders (and Managers) in order to provide support in the form of:
Implementation Guidelines (D2.3)
Training materials (D2.4)
Background: Lithuania WG1 Workshop, D2.2 Report, Futures WG4 Workshop

3. Five Levels of Educational Leadership
Leaders at individual practitioner level
Leaders in Middle management
Leaders in Senior management
Governance
Systemic wide leadership
March 2011

4. What is leadership? in terms of the Cloud in education
In fifteen words or less, write down the purpose of leadership, role of leaders concerning the Cloud in education
In twenty words or less, describe what leaders (in organisations) should do in terms of enabling the Cloud in education

5. Leadership: define What are the most important aspects of leadership?
Leadership inspires
Leadership has moral purpose
Leadership is risky business
Strong leadership is not the same as good leadership
Leadership is about power, and power has a dark side
Leadership has presence
Leadership offers service
Leadership is everybody’s business
What words would you choose?

6. Skills of Educational Leadership
Higher Education Summit - Auckland
March 2011
Skills of Educational Leadership
Professionalism
Evidence-based decision making
Ability to share vision and values across the organisation
Bravery
In the end, it’s about people
March 2011
Peter Coolbear, Ako Aotearoa

7. Leadership starts from within
Beliefs
Values
Integrity
Knowledge
Vision
Responsibility
Commitment
Courage
Resilience
Humour
What words would you choose (for leadership) in this context?
What words would you choose?

8. Leadership is about … Influencing others Trust Power
Relationships
Communication
Respect
Trust
Meeting Expectations
Politically aware
Advocacy
Challenge and conflict

9. A developing model Source: SAND report Becta ICT enablers
Improved outcomes
ICT resources
ICT used effectively in
classrooms for learning
ICT deployed appropriately
Good ICT learning
opportunities
Increased
attainment in ICT
Improved learning
General teaching
ICT teaching
General leadership
ICT leadership
Graph shows mathematics. Findings were similar for English and science also.
Source: SAND report Becta

10. Strategic Leadership in ICT (SLICT) Model

11. Being clear about Strategic Leadership*
It is not about:
telling you how to do it
learning ICT skills
writing long reports
getting technical advice on the ‘best’ computer, network, laptop, PDA, wires, routers etc.
particular Cloud systems
technology

12. Being clear about Strategic Leadership*
It is about
creating a vision for the organisation
having information, time and space to review and develop your vision
evaluating where you are now
sharing good practice
understanding the issues for ICT
challenging thinking about current and future ICT
thinking long-term, and seeing short-term solutions

14. Vision: Education might look like this…

15. Leadership Adoption Governance & Cloud Computing in Education
Karl Donert, Director: Innovative Learning Network Ltd.
Geospatial activity is booming in Europe. In many countries, demand for a geospatial workforce is not being met by supply. Central administration (the European Commission and Ministries of Education) seem largely unaware of the problems being faced by the industry. Connecting stakeholders is essential for the future. This presentation reports on initiatives to support and enhance geospatial education in different education sectors. It suggests the role and importance of networking and developing a strong lobby for geospatial education for all and sets out goals for those working in the geospatial sector to consider when attempting to redress the situation.
School on the Cloud WG1 meeting, Sofia, Bulgaria, January

16. Leadership versus Management
Innovate
Ask what and why
Do the right thing
Are not afraid to engage conflict and work through it to accomplish change
Initiate transformations, endings, transitions, new beginnings
Managers:
Implement
Ask how and when
Do things right
View conflict as counter-productive and prefer cooperation to accomplish procedures
Maintain order, consistency, harmony

17. D2.2 Core Themes Disruptive technology Adoption
Governance – policy in Europe
Governance – national policy
Change management in institutions
Roles – government, CC industry, professional bodies, education (schools, universities etc.)

18. Disruptive Technology
EU Cloud Computing expected to continue to grow
in 2015 $8.2 billion in Cloud services
42% of enterprises not using Cloud Computing services reported insufficient knowledge
The Cloud Is Coming—and It Really Is Important (Educause, 2015)
Low – Middle – High Clouds

19. Disruptive Technology
Cloud Computing assists organisations
Cloud computing is disruptive (Sultan & Sultan, 2008)
Dynamic situation – caused by new technology
Disruptive innovation (Christensen, 1997)

20. Disruptive innovation (Christensen, 1997)

21. Disruptive Technology
Cloud Computing assists organisations
Cloud computing is disruptive (Sultan & Sultan, 2008)
Dynamic situation – caused by new technology
Disruptive innovation (Christensen, 1997)
Two types of disruptive innovations:
new market and
low-end disruptions

22. Disruptive Technology
New market – innovative (new) product attracts customers because it is simpler / cheaper / better than before (iPad)
Low-end disruption – adapt a product to influence the low (value) end of the original business attracting customers to choose their product (Easyjet)

23. Disruptive Technology
Growth by making it easier for organisations to use a product (eBay, Apple computer)
Disrupts processes, enabling other actions
Cloud adoption supports this theory – it is an enabler
E.g. Web 2.0 tools now open and transparent can be used by anyone

25. Adoption (Oliviera et al., 2014)
How are decisions made?
Who makes them?
Two theories commonly considered:
DoI (Diffusion of Innovation) theory
TOE (Technology – Organization - Environment) Framework
Oliveira, T., Thomas, M. and Espadanal, M., (2014). Assessing the determinants of cloud computing adoption: An analysis of the manufacturing and services sectors. Information & Management, 51(5),

26. Diffusion of Innovation
DOI proposes five attributes to explain how innovations are adopted:
relative advantage, better than before
compatibility, easy to assimilate in existing processes, practices, and value systems
complexity, how difficult it is to use
observability, how visible it is to others and
trialability, easy to try out, experiment with

27. Diffusion of Innovation
Innovation is a process of communication (Rogers, 2003) – which channels, what system?
Factors are:
individual (leadership attitude toward change),
internal organizational structure (centralization, complexity, interconnectedness, the number of employees, and organizational slack), and
external characteristics (system openness) of the organization

28. Diffusion of Innovation

29. TOE Framework
Three contexts: technology, organization, and environment
Technology - internal and external technology relevant to the organization and the technologies that are available for possible adoption.
Organization – characteristics (i.e., organizational structure, size, managerial structure, degree of centralization), resources (human and slack resources), and the process of communication (formal and informal) among employees
Environment comprises market elements, competitors, and regulations

30. TOE Framework (Oliveira et al, 2014)
Technology - technological readiness of the organisation
Organisational - top management support and organisation size
Environment - competitive pressure and regulatory support
Oliveira, T., Thomas, M. and Espadanal, M., (2014). Assessing the determinants of cloud computing adoption: An analysis of the manufacturing and services sectors. Information & Management, 51(5),

31. TOE Framework

32. Higher Education Study (Alharthi et al., 2015)
not easy to convince decision makers in higher education to shift from one pattern to another
users’ (academics and top management) perceptions and acceptance had an effect on adoption of Cloud Computing within institutions
Alharthi, A., Yahya, F., Walters, R.J. and Wills, G., An overview of cloud services adoption challenges in higher education institutions,

33. Higher Education (Alharthi et al., 2015)
Adoption model proposed
Alharthi, A., Yahya, F., Walters, R.J. and Wills, G., An overview of cloud services adoption challenges in higher education institutions,

34. Strategies needed
important to recognize the risks associated with these technologies
but should help “create a strategy that allows organizations to better manage and mitigate these risks” (Paquette et al., 2010, p 248) ….
Paquette, S., Jaeger, PT, Wilson and SC (2010), Identifying the security risks associated with governmental use of Cloud Computing. Government Information Quarterly,(27: 3), 245–25

35. What Policy Needs? What are the policy needs for education?
Take the survey:

37. What Policy Needs? What are the policy needs for education?
Take the survey:
Let’s discuss what recommendations we should make ….. at policy level for education

38. Karl Donert
@karldonert