1. Empire & Expansion
AP US History

2. Why did America join the imperialist club at the end of the nineteenth century?

3. 1. Commercial/Business Interests
United States Foreign Investments:

4. 1. Commercial/Business Interests
American Foreign Trade:

5. 2. Military/Strategic Interests

6. 3. Social Darwinist Thinking
The White Man’s Burden
The Hierarchy of Race

7. 4. Religious/Missionary Interests
American Missionaries in China, 1905

8. 5. Closing the American Frontier

9. Hawaii: “Crossroads of the Pacific”

10. United States View of Hawaiians

11. Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani

12. US Business Interests in Hawaii
1875 – Reciprocity Treaty
1890 – McKinley Tariff
1893 – Am. Businessmen backed an uprising
1894 – Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims Republic of Hawaii

13. To The Victor Belongs the Spoils

14. Japan

15. Commodore Matthew Perry opens Japan
The Japanese View of Commodore Perry

16. Treaty of kanagawa: 1854

17. Gentleman’s Agreement: 1908

18. Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1912
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Sr. (R-MA)
Non-European powers, like Japan, would be excluded from owning territory in the Western Hemisphere

19. Alaska

20. “Seward’s Folly”

21. “Seward's Icebox

22. Cuba

23. The Imperialist Taylor

24. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

25. ‘Butcher’ Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy

26. “Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism

27. DeLome Letter Spanish Ambassador to the United States
Criticized President McKinley

28. Theodore Roosevelt
Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the McKinley administration
Imperialist and American Nationalist
Criticized President McKinley
Resigns his position to fight in Cuba

29. The “Rough Riders”

30. Remember the Maine & to Hell with Spain!

31. The Spanish-American War “That Splendid Little War”

32. The Philippines

33. The Spanish-American War “That Splendid Little War”

34. Dewey Captures Manila!

35. Is He to be a Despot?

36. Emilio Aguinaldo

37. William H. Taft 1st Gov.-General of the Philippines

38. Our “Sphere of Influence”

39. The Treaty of Paris: 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island of Guam
The United States paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines
The United States becomes an imperial power!!!

40. The American Anti-Imperialist League
Founded in 1899
Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, William James and William Jennings Bryan among the leaders
Campaigned against the annexation of the Philippines and other acts of imperialism

41. Cuban Independence? Teller Amendment (1898) Platt Amendment (1903)
Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence
The United States could intervene in Cuban affairs, if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent gov’t
Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the United States for naval and coaling station
Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt

42. Did United States citizenship follow the flag?

43. Puerto Rico

44. Puerto Rico (1898) 1900 – Foraker Act 1901-1903 The Insular Cases
PR became an “unincorporated territory”
Citizens of PR, not of the United States
Import duties on PR goods
The Insular Cases
Constitutional rights were not automatically extended to territorial possessions
Congress had the power to decide these rights
Import duties laid down by the Foraker Act were legal!!!

45. Puerto Rico (1898) 1917 – Jones Act Gave full territorial status to PR
Removed tariff duties on PR goods coming into the US
PR elected their own legislators and governor to enforce local laws
PR could NOT vote in United States presidential elections
A resident commissioner was sent to Washington to vote for PR in the House

46. Panama

47. Panama: The King’s Crown
1850 – Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
1901 – Hay- Paunceforte Treaty
Philippe Bunau-Varilla, agent provocateur
Dr. Walter Reed
Col. W. Goethals
1903 – Hay-Bunau- Varilla Treaty

48. Panama Canal

49. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1905)

50. Speak Softly, But Carry a Big Stick!!!

51. China

52. Stereotypes of the Chinese Immigrants

53. The Boxer Rebellion (1900)

54. The Open Door Policy

55. The Open Door Policy

56. America as a Pacific Power

57. America’s New Role

58. The Cares of a Growing Family

59. Constable of the World

60. Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)

61. The Great white Fleet (1907)

62. Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”
Improve financial opportunities for American businesses
Use private capital to further United States interests

63. Mexico

64. The Mexican Revolution (1910s)
Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Mexico and puts Madero in prison where he was murdered
Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata and Alvaro Obregon fought against Huerta
The United States also got involved by occupying Veracruz and Huerta fled the country
Eventually Carranza would gain power in Mexico

65. The Mexican Revolution (1910s)

66. Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”
The United States should be the conscience of the world
Spread Democracy
Promote Peace
Condemn Colonialism

67. United states Global Investments & Investments in Latin America (1914)

68. United States Interventions in Latin America (1898-1920s)

69. Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”