1. Chapter 2 Section 1 Chapter 3 Section 1
Community Ecology
Chapter 2 Section 1
Chapter 3 Section 1

2. What is Ecology?
The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. Explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in.

3. Ecosystem Interactions
Habitat - the place an organism lives
Niche - an organism’s total way of life

4. The Nonliving Environment
Abiotic factors - the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment.
Examples: air currents, temperature,
moisture, light, and soil

5. The Living Environment
Biotic factors - all the living organisms that inhabit an environment. *All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection.

6. Organization of Life Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations
Organisms

7. 3.1 Community Ecology
Community – group of interacting populations that live in same place at same time. Communities and Biomes video clip

8. Ecological Succession
Change in an ecosystem
Happens when one community replaces another as a result of changing abiotic (nonliving) and biotic (living) factors.
2 Types:
Primary Succession
Secondary Succession
Succession Video Clip

9. Primary Succession
Establishment of community in an area of exposed rocks (no life there before)
Pioneer Species – first to colonize an area. Ex: lichen
Climax Community – stable, mature community

10. Secondary Succession
Occurs as a result of a disturbance in a climax community (fire, human impact, etc)

11. Succession Practice #1
Each drawing represents different stages in community succession within the state of Virginia. Which of the drawings represents the climax community in this succession pattern? F G H J

12. Succession Practice #2
What order of diagrams would show primary succession in an area that had never before been occupied by living organisms?

13. Succession Practice #3
In an aquatic habitat, an example of organisms from the pioneer community would be — ?
grass
water lilies
water reeds
algae

14. Community Interactions
Competition – when more than one organism uses a resource at a time Predation – act of one organism consuming another organism for food (eating it) Symbiotic relationships – close relationship that exists when 2 or more species live together.

15. Types of Symbiosis Mutualism – both benefit
Example: lichens (fungus and algae)

16. Types of Symbiosis
Commensalism – one benefits, the other is not harmed or helped
Example: clownfish and sea anemone

17. Types of Symbiosis Parasitism – one benefits, one is harmed
Examples: mosquitos, fleas, tapeworms

18. Symbiosis – “living together”
Relationship Type
Species A
Species B
Commensalism +
Mutualism
Parasitism -