1. Vascular Plants with Seeds

2. Vascular Plants with Seeds
Two main types
1. Gymnosperms
2. Angiosperms

3. Gymnosperms “naked seed “ plants seeds in cones or scales
Includes: 4 phyla
1. Phylum Coniferophyta
2. Phylum Cycadophyta
3. Phylum Ginkgophyta
4. Phylum Gnetophyta

4. Phylum Coniferophyta 1. Common name: Conifers 2. Examples:
pines, firs, spruces, junipers, larches, yews
3. Needle or scale-like leaves
4. Most of the evergreen trees or
shrubs

5. Phylum Cycadophyta Common name: Cycads Example : Cycas
Palm-like leaves, lives in tropics
Evergreen trees and shrubs

6. Phylum Ginkgophyta Common name : Ginkgoes Example: Ginkgo biloba
Only one remaining species
Deciduous trees with fan-shaped leaves
Fleshy seeds
Used as a memory-enhancing food supplement

7. Phylum Gnetophyta Common name: Gnetales
Examples : Ephedra, Welwitschia
Gymnosperm (“naked seed” shrub or vine with some angiosperm characteristics
Stimulant used in diet supplement
Welwitschia mirabilis

8. Angiosperms Plants with seeds inside fruits
Includes : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with flowers
One phylum : Phylum Anthophyta
rhododendron
sage
grape vine

9. Phylum Anthophyta Contains two classes: 1. Class Monocotyledones
2. Class Dicotyledones
corn
bean

10. Phylum Anthophyta 1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)
iris
1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)
A. Examples : palm trees, grasses,
lilies, irises, orchids
Tiger lily
orchid
Pampas grass
palm

11. Class Monocotyledones
B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)

12. Class Monocotyledones
C. Parallel leaf veins

13. Class Monocotyledones
D. Flower parts in threes or multiples of three

14. Class Monocotyledones
E. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomly

15. Phylum Anthophyta 2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)
A. Examples: roses, daisies, most deciduous trees

16. Class Dicotyledones B. Embryos with two seed leaves cotyledons
Bean seedling

17. Class Dicotyledones C. Leaf veins in a net-like pattern
(palmate or pinnate)
Palmate venation
Pinnate venation

18. Class Dicotyledones
D. Flower parts in groups of four
or five

19. Class Dicotyledones E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a
ring pattern