1. Charles’ Law

2. Let’s first Recall Boyle’s Law
P1V1 = P2V2

3. STP vs SATP STP SATP temperature pressure volume
Fill in the table using yesterday’s notes

4. Changing Celsius to Kelvin
To change from celsius to Kelvin we add 273.
Example:
34oC = K
548K = oC
0oC = K
-14oC = K

5. Invent and Discuss an Experiment
Design an experiment (like yesterday) to test the effect of increasing or decreasing the temperature on the volume of a gas (think about Arielle’s example yesterday)
What would you do?
How would you measure the volume change?
What are your variables and constants?
10 minutes

6. My experiment

7. Recall the Kinetic Molecular Theory

8. What happens to molecules as the temperature increases?

9. Charles’ Law
V1 = V2 T1 = T2

10. Charles’ Law
As the temperature of a gas increases, the volume increases proportionally, provided that the temperature, pressure and the chemical amount of gas remain the same

11. In other words
As the temperature increases the volume increases by the same rate (for a gas at constant temperature and pressure)

12. Example
In a test of Charles’ law, a gas inside a cylinder with a movable piston is heated to 315 Celsius. The initial volume of gas in the cylinder is 0.30L at 25 Celsius. What will be the final volume when the temperature is 315 Celsius?

13. List the givens
What are we looking for?
Rearrange the equation

14. Sub in the numbers to get the final answer:

15. ABSOLUTE ZERO
If a gas did not liquefy its volume would become zero at -273oC (= 0 Kelvin) or ABSOLUTE ZERO.
Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature
Scientists have gotten to 100picoKelvin above absolute zero (100 trillionths of a Kelvin)

16. Wha?? Before you go answer this
How does a thermometer work (according to KMT and Charles’ Law)? And where else can you see Charles’ Law in action?