1. Technical English Episode 7 Polish Engineers Make Air-Cleaning Device

2. Polish Engineers Make Air-Cleaning Device
Before reading the text
Air can be cleaned with electricity
Burning coal produces very little smoke
Air quality is not affected by smoke in air
_True_ False No idea
______ _______ ________

3. Polish Engineers Make Air-Cleaning Device
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report. From Asia to Europe to North America, poor air quality is making people sick and, in some cases, killing them at an early age. Air pollution causes six million premature deaths every year worldwide. This number comes from studies done by the World Health Organization (WHO). Thirty-three of Europe's most polluted cities are in Poland. Part of the reason is how Poles heat their homes. In the winter, many people keep warm by burning coal. Northern China has a similar problem. And it is a big problem. Burning coal releases dirty particulate matter into the atmosphere. Particulate matter, sometimes called PM for short, is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some particles, such as dust, dirt, soot, or smoke, are so large or dark that we can see them with the naked eye. Others are so small that we can only see them using an electron microscope. Scientists say particulates, in large amounts, are partly responsible for changes in Earth’s climate and serious health problems.
The WHO is urging governments to set pollution rules for industries and show people how to cook, heat and travel in ways that aren’t so dirty. But in the shortterm, we need to create clean technologies and to improve the way we burn fuel. Polish device cleans air In Poland, researchers have invented some simple technology that may help to reduce air pollution. The device looks like a normal pipe. One of the engineers on the project, Robert Kubica, explains how it works. He says the device uses electricity to trap dust in the pipe. He explains that the electricity turns the ash into “ionized particles,” which fall on the inner part of the pipe. There they are gathered by an automatic ash removal system. From there, they go into an ash box. The remaining gases -- without the ash -- go out of a chimney and into the air. “The ionized particles are deposited on the inner part of the body where they are gathered by an automatic ash removal system. The ashes go into the ash box, while the exhaust goes into the chimney.”
The Polish researchers say this simple technology probably will not solve the long-term problem of air pollution in their country. However, it will keep the air cleaner in the near future. Kubica says that from day one, this device immediately reduces the amount of dust released into the air. The researchers say the device will keep 60 to 90 percent of the coal ash from getting into the atmosphere. Kubica says this technology is a short-term solution. Availability of cleaner burning fuels depends on Poland’s infrastructure. Setting up public services and systems that will allow for cleaner-burning fuels requires long-term investment.
“From the first day of its work, this device immediately reduces emissions of dust into the atmosphere. On the other hand, the transition to other cleaner fuels such as gas fuels is mostly dependent on access to infrastructure, and if it’s not there -- then there are long-term investments (that are necessary.)" This year, several hundred of these devices are being set up in the Polish town of Rybnik – a community known for its poor air quality.

4. Polish Engineers Make Air-Cleaning Device
Underline the words you do not know.
 WORDS TO LEARN
Droplet
Premature
Deposit
Emission
Ionized
Particulate
ash
Infrastructure
transition
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
go out of a chimney
keep warm
in large amounts
to trap dust
Setting up public services
long-term investment

5. Droplet : /ˈdrɒplɪt $ ˈdrɑːp-/
Definition:
a very small drop of liquid
Sample sentence:
Droplets of water splash covered the glass.

6. Premature : /ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr◂/
Definition:
Happening before the natural or proper time
Sample sentence:
A premature baby is born before the usual time of birth

7. Deposit : /dɪˈpɒzɪt $ dɪˈpɑː-/
Definition:
a layer of a mineral, metal etc that is left in soil or rocks through a natural process
Sample sentence:
Rich deposits of minerals on the sea

8. Emission: /ɪˈmɪʃən/ Definition:
a gas or other substance that is sent into the air
the act of sending out light, heat, gas etc
Sample sentence:
They agreed to cut emissions of nitrogen oxide from power stations.

9. Particulate : Definition:
relating to or in the form of very small separate particles.
Sample sentence:
At times, the concentration of particulates in the air of some cities became dense.

10. ash : /kəmˈpænjən/ Definition:
the soft grey powder that remains after something has been burned
Sample sentence:
The paper burnt to ashes.

11. Infrastructure : /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə $ -ər/
Definition:
the basic systems and structures that a country or organization needs in order to work properly, for example roads, railways, banks etc
Sample sentence:
The government invested money in infrastructure.

12. transition : /trænˈzɪʃən, -ˈsɪ-/
Definition:
when something changes from one form or state to another
Sample sentence:
You need a better transition between the second and third paragraphs.

13. TEXT ANALYZING Listen and repeat exercises. Reading laudly.
Understand the text
-- Underline the verbs (Use pink colour)
-- Circle plural words (Use blue color)
-- Underline two times the words you do not know.
-- Highlight good expressions. (Use brown color)

14. Assignment - Assessment
Learn all vocabulary.
Listen to the text 10 times while reading, and listen to the same text 10 times without reading.
Then record your voice while reading.
Undersand the text deeply (TEXT ANALYZING)
Write the text on the right of your notebook, then analyze it on the left...
.. verbs, tense, plural nouns, - my favourite sentence, good expressions, words to learn
6. Summarize the text

15. ASSIGNMENT Make a sentence with the given expressions poor air quality
Particulate matter
ionized particles
availability of cleaner burning fuels
From the first day of its work