1. Democracy and the Golden Age

2. Pericles’s 3 Goals for Athens
Pericles leads Athens during it’s golden age
3 Goals
Strengthen Athenian Democracy
Hold and strengthen the empire
Glorify Athens

3. Stronger Democracy Increased the number of paid public officials
Poorest could serve if elected
More citizens engaged in gov’t than ever
Direct Democracy
Form of gov’t in which citizens rule directly and not through representation

4. Athenian Empire Tried to enlarge the wealth and power of Athens
Built Athens a 200 ship navy
Strongest in Mediterranean
Strengthened safety
Needed overseas trade to gain supplies such as grain

5. Glorifying Athens Beautified Athens
Persuaded the Athenian assembly to vote huge sums of money to buy gold, ivory, and marble
The Parthenon
One of architecture’s noblest works

7. Greek Art Sculpture Statue of Athena in Parthenon
Sculptor Phidias
38 feet tall (gold and ivory)
Aimed to create figures graceful, strong, and perfectly formed
No expression on statues
Wanted to capture normal human motion
Called Classical Art

9. Greek Drama Built 1st theatres in the west
Expression and civic pride and a tribute to the gods
Wealthy citizens produced plays
Tragedy
Serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, and betrayal
Comedy
Slap-stick situations and crude humor
Satires = poked fun at a subject
Showed freedom and openness and freedom of public discussions

10. Spartans vs. Athenians Tensions building for years
Leaders in both Athens and Sparta pressed for war
Both groups believed they could win
Peloponnesian War
War between Sparta and Athens in 431 B.C.
Athens = strongest sea power in Greece
Sparta could not easily be attacked from sea
Sparta attacks Athens
Citizens brought into Athens city walls for protection

11. Sparta Gains the Edge
Plague killed roughly 1/3 of Athens’ population including Pericles
Athenian assembly sent huge fleet of 27,000 soldiers to destroy the polis of one of Spartan’s wealthiest allies
Athenians were destroyed
404 B.C. Athens surrenders

12. Philosophers Lovers of wisdom Socrates Plata Aristotle
Believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice
Encouraged Greeks to go further and question themselves and their moral character
Plata
Student of Socrates
Wrote “The Republic”
Set forth vision of a perfectly governed society
All citizens would fall naturally into three groups; famers and artisans, warriors, and the ruling class
Aristotle
Student of Plato
Questioned nature of human belief, thought, and knowledge