1. Governing the Colonies
CHAPTER 4, SECTION 4
Governing the Colonies

6. VOCABULARY
SEE YOUR DO-NOW SHEET
DO NOW

7. Setting the Scene
Philadelphia was the largest and busiest seaport in all the colonies.

8. England Regulates Trade
England believed that the colonies existed to benefit the home country.
England thought of America as a sort of supply shop for England itself.
England was eager to use the colonies resources and goods to become wealthier.
Many colonists disagreed with this idea – especially since England didn’t guarantee them representation at home in England.

9. Mercantilism
Belief that a nation becomes strong by building up its gold and silver supply and expanding trade.
Government interference in the economy is justified if it is to help the country’s economic goals.
Belief that you should export more than you import
Import – goods brought into a country
Export – goods shipped out of a country

10. Mercantilism

11. IMPORT
DOMESTIC
& Can be
exported

12. Mercantilism QUESTION #1
The belief that a nation becomes stronger by building up its gold and silver supply and by expanding trade is called ___________.
Mercantilism

13. QUESTION #2 What is the difference between an import and an export?
An import is a foreign product shipped INTO your country. An export is a domestic product shipped OUT ofyour country.

14. The Navigation Acts
The Navigation Act of 1651 stipulated that goods imported or exported by English colonies in Africa, Asia, or America be shipped on vessels constructed by English shipbuilders and sailed by crews that were 75 percent English.
Goods imported from the colonies into England also had to arrive on English vessels.
Goods from foreign countries were restricted to vessels from the exporting nation or to English ships.

15. The term English referred to individual nationality and not to place of residence, and the colonists and colonial shipping were considered English.
The act of 1660 specified certain colonial items—tobacco, rice, and indigo—could only be exported to another English colony or to England.
Later statutes such as the Woolens Act of 1699, the Hat Act of 1732, and the Iron Act of 1750 were attempts to prevent manufacturing in the British colonies that might threaten the industrial economy of England.

16. What does all of that mean?
The idea here was that England wanted to be the only country benefiting from colonial trade.
In theory, this act would ensure that the colonies always had a stable market – England - to sell their goods to.

17. There were limits on where you could send certain goods: tobacco, rice, indigo, and cotton could only be shipped to England or to another English colony.
Because the Navigation Acts said that only British ships can be used to ship the goods, the New England shipbuilding business boomed.

18. Fair??? Many colonists thought the Acts favored English merchants.
Many colonists ignored the Acts or found ways around them.

19. QUESTION #3
According to the Navigation Acts, only ships from what country could carry goods to and from the colonies?
Only ships made in the colonies or ships from England (English ships).

20. Trading in Rum and Slaves
Yankees – nickname for clever and hardworking merchants from New England.
Yankees dominated colonial trade

22. SLAVES SUGAR & MOLASSES (FOR RUM MAKING)
RUM, GUNS, GUNPOWDER, CLOTH, TOOLS
FISH, LUMBER, LIVESTOCK, AND FLOUR
SLAVES

23. Triangle Trade

24. TRIANGLE TRADE

25. QUESTION #4
What was the nickname given to New England merchants who, through cleverness and hard work, dominated colonial trade?
Yankees

26. Political Life Most colonies had similar governments
Governor who is appointed
Except in Rhode Island and Connecticut
The governor directed the colony’s affairs and enforce laws.
Legislature
Usually two houses
Upper house – appointed
Lower house – elected
Legislature approved laws, protected the rights of citizens, and approved taxes.

27. What does a legislature do?
QUESTION #5
What does a legislature do?
They make the laws.

28. The Right to Vote
By the 1720’s only Christian men who were over 21 and owned property could vote.
They felt only property owners knew what was best for the colony.
Voting was done out loud.

29. A Bill of Rights
Colonists took great pride in their elected assemblies
They were influenced by the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights
Glorious Revolution in England

30. The Story of the Glorious Revolution
After his accession in 1685, James had alienated his Protestant subjects through his efforts to secure freedom of worship and civic equality for England’s small Catholic minority. The methods he used were seen as changing England’s mixed, parliamentary constitution into an absolute monarchy. James expanded his army and allowed Catholics to hold public office and worship freely, contrary to English law.

31. Until 1688 Protestant unease at his conduct was tempered by the expectation that James would be succeeded by Mary, his daughter, and her husband William of Orange. However, in June the queen gave birth to a son, who would be raised as a Catholic and take precedence over Mary in the succession.

32. Invited by prominent Protestants, William gathered a massive fleet and an army of 40,000 men and invaded England, landing at Torbay, Devon, on November 5, and began to advance on London. James, suffering a loss of nerve due to desertions from his cause, fled to France with his family without putting up a fight.

33. THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

34. EFFECTS OF THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
James II removed forcibly from the throne
William and Mary of the Netherlands asked to rule
They signed the English Bill of Rights
A list of freedoms the government promises to protect.
Trial by jury
Ruler cannot raise taxes without approval of Parliament.

35. The Glorious Revolution
QUESTION #6
The English Bill of Rights was a direct result of which major British historical event?
The Glorious Revolution

36. Limits on Liberties Limits on liberties
Colonists actually enjoyed more freedoms than the English themselves.
Women had more rights than English women, but far less than colonial men.
Could not vote, married women could not start a business or sign a contract without her husband’s approval.
Widows and unmarried women had more rights
Africans and Native Americans had almost

37. Slaves and Native Americans
QUESTION #7
Who had the fewest basic rights in the 13 colonies?
Slaves and Native Americans

38. END SLIDSHOW Moo! Now it’s time for The Whip Around
It’s utterly terrific!