1. 1836 The Tough Year

2. Texan Military
Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of the Texas Army
the Texas Navy was created to protect the coast and to attack Mexican ships. .

3. Meanwhile … President Santa Anna and 6,000
Mexican soldiers marched north
towards Texas, bent on revenge

4. The Mexican Army advances
By February 1836, Santa Anna was crossing the Rio Grande marching towards San Antonio
General José de Urrea approached from
Matamoros towards Goliad

5. The Battle of the Alamo
On February 24, 1836 Santa Anna ordered his forces to begin firing on the Alamo.
That day William Travis wrote a famous letter “To the People of Texas and All Americans” to plea for help.
Juan Seguin delivered Travis’ letter to Houston asking for reeinforcement.

6. The Battle of the Alamo On March 6, 1836, Santa Anna launched his
assault on the Alamo after 13 days of siege.
Texas artillery, under the command of Col. William B. Travis, held the advancing Mexicans off briefly, but they regrouped and eventually
overwhelmed the Alamo defenders and poured
into the mission by the hundreds.

7. After a few hours, all the 189 defenders and 600Mexicans were dead
After a few hours, all the 189 defenders and 600Mexicans were dead..Santa Anna spared the women, children, and a slave named Joe.
Santa Anna felt that the defeat of the Alamo
would end the Texas Revolution, but it only
convinced the Texans to fight harder.

8. Goliad Massacre
General Urrea was moving up the coastline and defeated many Texan troops on his march to Refugio and Goliad.
While General Urrea fought with Fannin’s troops stationed in Refugio, Fannin received orders from Sam Houston to retreat to Victoria.

9. Fannin decided to wait for his troops in Refugio to return before obeying Houston, but those soldiers had been either killed or captured by General Urrea
FanUrrea finally met at the battle of Coleto, where Fannin was wounded.

10. Goliad Massacre, cont.
The Texan prisoners were marched back to Goliad where they stayed for a week.
General Urrea wanted to keep them as prisoners of war, but Santa Anna ordered him to execute them all.

11. Convention of 1836
The Convention of 1836 was held at Washington-on-the-Brazos to vote on Independence.
George Childress was the main author who drafted the Declaration of Independence.
Lorenzo de Zavala, a former Mexican official who fled to Texas, also signed the Declaration, designed the

12. The Texas Army Sam Houston was the leader of the Texas Army
800 soldiers
He led his men east in a retreat starting on March 11, 1836
He used this time to train his soldiers
On April 20 his army camped at the San Jacinto River

13. The Mexican Army
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was the leader of the Mexican Army
1300 soldiers
After the Alamo Santa Anna divided the Mexican Army and chased the Texas Army east
Santa Anna finally caught up with Houston at the San Jacinto River near Harrisburg

14. The Day Before the Battle
There was a cavalry skirmish on April 20, between Texas and Mexican soldiers
Disaster was avoided when Mirabeau B. Lamar heroically saved the Texas commander
Lamar was promoted to commander of the Texas Cavalry

15. The Morning of April 21
Sam Houston sent Erastus “Deaf” Smith, a scout for the Texas Army, to destroy Vince’s Bridge
This trapped the two armies at San Jacinto

16. The Battle of San Jacinto
At 3:00 on the afternoon of April 21, while Santa Anna’s troops are resting, Houston orders the attack
The Texas battle cry was “Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!”

17. The Battle of San Jacinto

18. The Battle of San Jacinto

19. The Outcome of the Battle
The battle lasted about 18 minutes
2 Texans were killed and 30 were wounded (7 later died of their wounds)
630 Mexicans were killed and 730 were captured including Santa Anna