1. a. Joe makes a cake. (Active Voice)
Example 1
doer
receiver
a. Joe makes a cake. (Active Voice)
receiver Be
doer
b. A cake is made by Joe (Passive Voice)
V3 , Ved
Changes made :
In a, the subject is the doer of the action.
In b, the subject is the receiver of the action.
In b, the verb is changed into the passive form (Be + V3, Ved).
3. In b, ‘by’ is added before the doer of the action.

2. a. Dana cleans the clothes. (active voice)
Example 2
simple present tense
a. Dana cleans the clothes. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The clothes are cleaned by Dana . (passive voice)
Example 3
simple past tense
a. Andy ate the cake. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The cake was eaten by Andy. (passive voice)

3. present continuous tense
Example 4
future tense
a. Nicky will do the housework. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The housework will be done by Nicky. (passive
voice)
Example 5
present continuous tense
a. Rocky is washing the dishes. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The dishes are being washed by Rocky. (passive
voice)

4. a. Cherry was using the computer. (active voice)
Example 6
past continuous tense
a. Cherry was using the computer. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The computer was being used by Cherry. (passive
voice)
Example 7
present perfect tense
a. Jackie has written two compositions. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. Two compositions have been written by Jackie. (passive voice)

5. How to change the verb to be?
Tense
Verb to be
Simple present tense
is / am /are
Simple past tense
was / were
Future tense
will be
Present continuous tense
is / am / are being
Past continuous tense
was / were being
Present perfect tense
has been
Modal verbs
Verb to be
can / should / must…etc
can be / should be / must be….etc

6. How to change negative sentences into passive voice:
simple past tense
Example 8
a. Cindy did not break the window. (active voice) Be
V3, Ved
b. The window was not broken by Cindy. (passive voice)
Example 9
future tense
a. Amy will not buy the tickets. (active voice)
V3, Ved Be
b. The tickets will not be bought by Amy. (passive voice)

7. We use the passive voice when:
1. we don’t know who / what the doer is.
Eg.: The rich man was killed.
2. the doer is obvious.
Eg.: The driver was fined for speeding.
3. the doer is not important.
Eg.: The rubbish is removed.

8. The window was broken.

9. The boy was burnt.

10. The boy was pushed.

11. The man was killed.

12. The man was bitten.

13. The man was robbed.

14. The money was stolen.

15. The car was smashed.