2. NATIONALISM Nationalism was the most powerful idea of the 1800’s
Nationalists were not loyal to their king, rather to their people…
those who shared common bonds.
Nationalism can be used to unify or separate!!!!

3. Unification of Germany
39 German States formed the German Confederation, dominated by Austrian Empire

4. GERMAN UNIFICATION
In 1815, 39 German states made up the German Confederation. Germany as we know it did not exist.
The two largest states were AUSTRIA and PRUSSIA
did not want
unification
wanted unification
Therefore, It was Prussia who was responsible for the
unification. More specifically it was…..

5. OTTO VON BISMARCK GOAL: to make Prussia a head of a unified Germany
master of realpolitik (realistic politics)
power is more important than principles
GOAL: to make Prussia a head of a unified Germany
(he was not really a German nationalist…his loyalty was more to Prussia)
To accomplish this goal, he went to war 3 different times.

6. Prussia leads German Unification
Mainly German population, unified by nationalism
Most powerful military in central Europe
King Wilhelm I
Otto von Bismarck=prime minister
Realpolitik: politics of reality with no room for idealism
Ruled without consent of parliament & without a legal budget
Wilhelm I
Bismarck

7. What is the main idea of Bismarck’s speech?
2. Based on his speech, what kind of leader do you think Bismarck
will be?

8. RESULTS BISMARCK’S THREE WARS 1. WAR with DENMARK Ally was Austria
Bismarck led Prussia into war against Denmark to win the 2 border provinces…
Schleswig and Holstein
It was a quick victory..Denmark ceded the two provinces …Austria:Holstein
Prussia:Schleswig
RESULTS
The war showed what a strong military force
Prussia was…along with creating
Prussian nationalism

10. RESULTS 1866 AUSTRO –PRUSSIAN WAR (aka…7 weeks war) Ally was Italy
Bismarck deliberately quarreled with Austria…then attacked them
GENERAL VON MOLTKE: famous German military leader who helped Bismarck win
1866
RESULTS
Austria ceded Holstein to Prussia
Austria ceded Venita to Italy
German confederation dissolved and
a new one was created controlled by
Prussia. (Austria was not a part of it)
Bismarck had no intention of weakening Austria, a potential ally, more than necessary….why??????? Read more: Austro-Prussian War — Infoplease.com

11. FRANCO- PRUSSIAN WAR
Bismarck desired war with France (common enemy…they all remember
the Napoleon invasions) to try and create nationalism in the southern
German states…with the hope they would join Prussia.
RESULTS
The Treaty of Frankfurt, signed on May 10, 1871, ended the war between France and Germany
1.The treaty provided that the French province of Alsace and part of Lorraine were to be ceded to the German Empire.
2 France was to pay a war payment of 5 billion gold francs ($1 billion). France would be under German military control until payment was made.
1871
German states are united…Wilhelm I was named Kaiser (emperor)

12. Germany Strengthens Germany become an industrial giant
Factors of production
Government promotes economic growth
Economic growth = military growth

13. by Germany towards France
This harsh treatment
by Germany towards France
plants the seed for
WORLD WAR 1
Second Reich…

14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TVp9SaJi-4 Great Summary