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Statistics – Chapter 1 Data Collection
1.1 Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
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Draw a conclusion or make a decision
Vocabulary collecting Statistics is the science of _____________, ____________, ________________, and ____________ information to draw conclusions or answer questions. Data are facts or propositions used to ____________________________________ organizing summarizing analyzing Draw a conclusion or make a decision
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Draw a conclusion or make a decision
Data are facts or propositions used to ____________________________________ Data can be numerical or non-numerical (gender) Data are extremely powerful and can be dangerous when misused Radio Show Example The lurking variable is a third variable that influences the other 2 variables in question. Breast feeding and IQ level Lurking variable = Draw a conclusion or make a decision mothers who breast fed tended to have higher IQ scores, so genetics is the lurking variable
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The Statistical Process
1. Identify the research objective Identify the question(s) to be answered and the group to be studied Population : ______________________________ Individual: ________________________________ The group to be studied Member of the population being studied
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The Statistical Process
2. Collect the information needed to answer the question. Sample : _______________________________ It is nearly impossible to obtain data from an entire population How you collect the information can greatly change the results of the data collected subset of the population
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The Statistical Process
3. Organize and summarize the information This step is called ________________________ Describes information collected through numerical measurements, charts, graphs, and tables This step of the process is where most of the math happens! Descriptive statistics
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The Statistical Process
4. Draw conclusions from the information The information collected from the sample is ____________________________________ Inferential Statistics uses methods that takes results obtained from a sample, extends them to populations, and measures reliability of the result. Generalized to the entire population
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Innocuous drug – sugar pill Receive the drug that is being tested
Example 1 – Our 1st Study Innocuous drug – sugar pill Placebo: _______________________________ Experimental Group: _____________________ Control Group: _________________________ Double Blind: ___________________________ Receive the drug that is being tested Receive the placebo Neither the doctors nor patients know who is in the experimental or control group
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Example 2: pg. 10, #45 Research objective: Sample: Descriptive Stats:
Conclusion:
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Allow for classification based on an attribute or characteristic
Variables Variables are the characteristics of the individuals within a population Qualitative Variables: Quantitative Variables: Allow for classification based on an attribute or characteristic Numerical measures of individuals; performing numerical operations can provide meaningful results
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Variables Finite or countable # of possible values count
Discrete Variables: If you can ___________ to get the value of a variable Continuous Variables: Finite or countable # of possible values count Infinite # of possible values that are countable measure
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Variables Qualitative Quantitative Discrete Continuous
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Homework pg. 9-11, #15-41 odd
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