1. Plant Variety Protection System
2010 OECD Seed Schemes
Plant Variety Protection System
2010
Eung-Gi Jeong
Rural Development Administration
Rural Development Administration
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2. Contents Contents Seed Industry Law 1 Plant Variety Protection 2
2010 OECD Seed Schemes
Contents
Contents
Seed Industry Law 1
Plant Variety Protection 2
Role of PVP System at RDA 3
Development of New Variety 4
Prospects of PVP System in Korea 5
Seed Trade of Korea 6
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3. Seed Industry Law 1 Introduction of Agriculture Circumstance
History of the Seed Industry Law
Objectives of the Seed Industry Law
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4. Trends in Farming conditions in Republic of Korea
(Unit : %)
Item
1970
1990
2000
2009
Agriculture Population
44.7
15.5
8.6
6.6
Old Farmers (65 Old>)
4.9
11.6
21.7
33.3
Agriculture GDP
25.5
7.8
4.0
2.2
(※ Source : MIFAFF statistics , (pls indicate year of publication )
Rural Development Administration
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5. Farmer & Farming Family Situationer
Seed Industry Law 1
Farmer & Farming Family Situationer
Family
Farmer
(Thousand)
(Thousand)
2006
2007
2008
2009
Rural Development Administration
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6. Agricultural Sector Population
Seed Industry Law 1
Pyramid
Agricultural Sector Population
Female
Male
65 Old
Male
Female
15 Old
40,000
20,000
20,000
40,000
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7. History : Seed Industry Law1
History : Seed Industry Law
Drafting of the Seed Industry Law
Established and published for public
Implemented on December 31, 1997
Revisions
- in 1999 (Law No. 5668)
( No. 6190)
( No. 6374)
( No. 6999)
( No. 7678)
( No. 8597)
Rural Development Administration
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8. Basic Purpose of Seed Industry Law1
Basic Purpose of Seed Industry Law
PVP
Encouragement of breeding
Development of Seed Industry
National list management
of variety performance
Seed production
certification
circulation
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9. Plant Variety Protection2
Plant Variety Protection
Designation of species entitled for PVP
Number of applications and registration for PVP
Procedure of examination for PVP
Fees for PVP
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10. Designation of Species Entitled for PVP
Plant Variety Protection 2
Designation of Species Entitled for PVP
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11. Ruling of Registration
Plant Variety Protection 2
Examination Procedure for PVP
- Korea Seed & Variety Service -
Application
Laying open
Examination
(Document/DUS Test)
Ruling of Registration
Public Inspection
Grant of PVPR
New Variety
Publication
Rejection
Applicant
Trial committe
Patent Court
Supreme Court
Information
Opposition
Fee for Registration
Demanding Trial
Appeal
Rural Development Administration
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12. Number of PVP Applications and Registration
Plant Variety Protection 2
Number of PVP Applications and Registration
 Item ~
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Total
Application
Rejected
Registration
1,429
273
424
407
397
4,466
386
2,930
Food
368 28 60 53 43
708 24
552
Vegetable
151 61 74 62 63
805 99
411
Fruit 66 20 12 13 18
237 16
129
Flower
736
152
263
256
262
2,464
234
1,669
Grass 6 - 4 2
 20
Industrial 93 7
164
117
Mushroom 9 5 68
  36
* Data : Korea Seed & Variety Service, Year?
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13. Ratio of Application No. by Crop
Plant Variety Protection 2
Ratio of Application No. by Crop
Food
Flower
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14. Application Number of Top 10 Crops
Plant Variety Protection 2
Application Number of Top 10 Crops
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15. Classification of Breeders Application
Plant Variety Protection 2
Classification of Breeders Application
(As of 2009)
(RDA )
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16. Role of PVP System at RDA3
Role of PVP System at RDA
Application
Registration
National List of Varieties Crops
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17. PVP Application for Crops
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18. PVP Application with RDA
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19. PVP Registration
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20. Ratio of PVP Registration
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21. National Registration of Crop Varieties
No. of Variety
Registration of NLVC with RDA
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22. Ratio of PVP Registration
(‘97~’03)
(‘97~’09)
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23. Development of New Variety4
Development of New Variety
Tong-il Rice
Selling of Variety Protection Rights
Countering of Royalty Payments Variety
PVP Application Abroad
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24. 50- Years Top 10 Products in the Republic of Korea
Tong-il Rice
Japonica Rice
Green Revolution
※ Top 10 product : CDMA,TDX, Memory semiconductor,
Nuclear reactor, High-speed train, Arirang2(spaceship)
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25. Green Revolution in the 70’s
After Korean War, Koreans had suffered from starvation.
The RDA developed a high-yielding rice variety "Tong-il”.
The variety-based cultivation technologies were rapidly transferred to the farmers.
Finally, Korea had achieved rice self-sufficiency.
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26. Selling of Plant Variety Protection Rights Chrysanthemum ”Baekma”
Breed : 2004
Selling of Plant Variety protection rights : 5 company, 26 million
Export : (‘07) 12,600$ → (‘08) 760,000$ → (‘09) 1,500,000$
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27. Countering of Royalty Payments Variety
Rose
Variety : Magic wine, Green beauty etc.
Export of royalty payments (green beauty)
(‘09) 53,400 → (‘10) 150, 000$(1 plant/1$)
Reduction of royalty payments
(‘05) 5.1million → (‘09) 4.6million$
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28. Countering of Variety Royalty Payments
Strawberry
Variety : Maehyang, Seolhyang etc.
Export : (’04) 4million→ (‘10) 17million$
Diffusion rate in Korea’s variety
(‘02) 5 → (‘09) 56 → (12) 80%
Designation of species entitled for PVP(2012)
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29. Prospects of PVP System in Korea5
Prospects of PVP System in Korea
Application of PVP System for GMO Crop
Development of Variety Royalty Payments
PVP Application Abroad
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30. Application of PVP System for GMO Crop
Increase of GMO crop’s seed by cultivation
Cultivation area : (‘96)1.7 → (‘08) 125 million ha
Increase of GMO seed Market
Market volume :(‘96)100→ (‘08) 75,000→ (‘15) 150,000 million$
Development of GMO crops
Resistance to diseases, Insect, herbicide etc.
Bio-energy Crop : Ethanol and Diesel
Crop : Rice, Pepper, Rape, Cabbage, Potato etc.
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31. Developing of Variety Royalty Payments
Export : Rose, Chrysanthemum, Gladiolus, Cymbidium,
Apple, Pear, Peach etc.
Import : Rose, Strawberry, Mushroom, Feed crops
Actinidia arguta etc.
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32. PVP Application Abroad
Country
Plant(Variety)
China
Rice(2), Maize(2), Pear(20), Apple(4), Peach(1), grapevine(4), Actinidia arguta(2), Chrysanthemum(4), Gladiolus(1)
Japan
Chrysanthemum(10), Rose(7), Phrygia(1)
Canada
Pear(2) EU
Gladiolus(1)
2010 : 5 country, 9 plant, 19 variety
Japan(8), China(7), EU(2), America(1), Chilean(1)
Rural Development Administration
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33. Korea Seed Trade 6 Dimension of Seed Market
The Point at Issue for Seed Industry
Strategic Directions for Developing Seed Industry
Trend Changes in Korea Seed Market
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34. Growth in the International Seed Trade
Member of UPOV
Jan. 7, 2002
UPOV Convention adopted
2002
The third Revision of UPOV
1991
Korea : 400
Year
Rural Development Administration
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35. Dimension of Korea’s Seed Market
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Dimension of Korea’s Seed Market 40
Billion US$
Rural Development Administration
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36. Distribution of Seed Export in Korea
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Distribution of Seed Export in Korea
(Unit : million dollar)
Vegetable : Pepper 30%, Radish 21%, Cabbage 12%, Chinese cabbage 10%, etc
Rural Development Administration
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37. Distribution of Seed Import in Korea
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Distribution of Seed Import in Korea
(Unit : million dollar)
Vegetable : Onion, Tomato, Radish, Chinese cabbage, etc
Feed : Clover, Corn, Hairy Vetch, Orchard Grass, etc
Rural Development Administration
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38. Distribution of Seed Marketing in Korea
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Distribution of Seed Marketing in Korea
Global company
Domestics company
Global company : Monsanto, Syngenta, Sacata, Dakei , etc
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39. Distribution of Global Company in
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Distribution of Global Company in
Korean Seed Market
Year
Global company : Monsanto, Syngenta, Sacata, Dakei , etc.
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40. The Issues Raised to the Seed Industry
Seed Trade of Korea 5
The Issues Raised to the Seed Industry
Small market and lack of capacity of private companies
- Reduction of area for cultivation by 0.8% annually
- Limited expansion of domestic market
- Share of global companies accounted for only 43%
Insufficient Role of Government
- To focus only on royalty reduction
- Lack of export policy and original technology development
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41. Strategic Directions for Developing Seed Industry
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Strategic Directions for Developing Seed Industry
Mid-and long-term development plan for seed industry(MFAFF)
Developing new cultivars preferred by consumers
Developing high value-added GM crops using BT technology
Support of breeding technology for private breeders
Developing export markets through diversification of export crops
Promoting competitive first-class native enterprises
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42. Trend Changes in Korea Seed Market
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Trend Changes in Korea Seed Market
Increased functional and high-quality agricultural products
Increased with the limitations on cultivating GM crops
Newly developed cultivars of horticultural crops flowers , fruit and strawberry, etc.
Increasing the possibilities for entering into world market
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43. Trend Changes in Korea Seed Industry
Seed Trade of Korea 5
Trend Changes in Korea Seed Industry
(Unit : %)
Item
1970
1990
2000
2009
Agriculture Population
14.0
8.0
6.4
Old Famer(70 Old>)
8.5
16.4
33.0
Agriculture GDP
7.7
5.0
3.0
Increase : plug seedling, high quality seed, seed price , etc.
Decrease : total amount of seed and farming area, farmer selfing seed, etc.
Concentration : breeding for new variety and production of seed abroad
- New variety : high quality & yield, functional, resistant and GM etc.
Rural Development Administration
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44. Rural Development Administration E-mail : egjeong@korea.kr
THANK YOU !!!
Eung-Gi Jeong
Rural Development Administration