1. Mrs. McNees 9th Grade Earth Science Ian Milligan
Air polution
Mrs. McNees
9th Grade Earth Science
Ian Milligan

2. What are the commons are pollutants?
Particulate matter
Ozone
Nitrogen Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Lead

3. Particulate Matter
Particulate matter also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small dust and soot particles.
Particulate Matter (PM) Sources. Components of particulate matter (PM) include finely divided solids or liquids such as dust, fly ash, soot, smoke, aerosols, fumes, mists and condensing vapors
Particle pollution levels can be very unhealthy and even hazardous during events such as forest fires.

4. Protect your health when PM levels are high
Reduce the amount of time spent on high exertion activities
Substitute a less strenuous activity (e.g., take a walk instead of jogging or running)
Plan outdoor activities for days when PM levels are low
Spend less time in areas likely to have higher PM levels, such as near busy roads

5. Ozone
Ozone (O3) is formed when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides chemically react in the presence of sunlight and heat.
Good ozone is present naturally in the Earth’s upper atmosphere— approximately 6 to 30 miles above the Earth’s surface. This natural ozone shields us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.
Bad ozone forms near the ground when pollutants (given off by things such as cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, and chemical plants) react chemically in sunlight. Ozone pollution is more likely to form during warmer months. This is when the weather conditions normally needed to form ground-level ozone—lots of sun—occur.

6. Protect your health when ozone levels are high
Reduce the amount of time you are active outdoors
Schedule your outdoor activities for the morning or evening when ozone levels are typically lower

7. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Nitrogen dioxide is a nonflammable, reddish-brown gas with a strong, harsh odor.
Nitrogen oxides are broken down quickly in the environment by reacting with compounds in the atmosphere, often leading to the formation of other important pollutants
Nitrogen dioxide is released into the atmosphere from motor vehicle exhaust; burning coal, oil, and natural gas; arc welding; electroplating; engraving; and dynamite blasting
People who live near fossil fuel-burning power plants or areas with heavy motor vehicle traffic may be exposed to higher levels of NO2.

8. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Households that burn wood or use kerosene heaters and gas stoves may have higher levels of NO2 indoors.
Nitrogen oxides are also found tobacco smoke, so smokers and people who breathe in second-hand smoke may also be exposed to higher levels

9. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
Sulfur dioxide are highly reactive gasses that mainly result from the burning of compounds containing sulfur.
All fuels commonly used by people (oil, coal, natural gas, wood, etc.) contain some sulfur, and during combustion sulfur reacts with oxygen to form oxides of sulfur.
Volcanic eruptions are rare but significant natural source of SO2.
The burning of fossil fuels is a more common human related source of sulfur dioxide emissions in the U.S. which comes from power plants.

10. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
It is formed when carbon-based fuel (e.g., gasoline, oil, wood, coal, etc.) is not burned completely
The majority of human-related CO emissions, especially in city areas, come from gasoline-powered automobile exhaust.
Petroleum refineries, gas and coal burning power plants, and petroleum- based chemical plants also release CO into the atmosphere
Volcanic eruptions and wildfires also release CO in the air along with iltered kerosene and gas space heaters, furnaces, wood stoves, and generators.

11. Ways to reduce CO exposure
Make sure that appliances that burn natural gas, kerosene, wood, or other fuels (e.g., stoves, furnaces, water and space heaters, generators, etc.) are properly installed, vented, and maintained.
Do not burn charcoal or use gas-powered tools indoors.
Idling a vehicle in a closed space like a closed garage can allow CO to build up quickly.
Avoid smoke from tobacco products.

12. Lead
Lead is a bluish-gray metal found in small quantities in the earth’s crust.
It is used in many different products, including batteries, ammunition, metal solder, and devices to shield x-rays.
They decreased its use it in paints, pesticides, ceramic products, caulking, and pipe solder because of health concerns.
They also banned it being used in gasoline in 1996.
Once lead enters the body, it travels to soft tissues such as the liver, kidneys, lungs, brain, spleen, muscles, and heart.
Lead can affect nearly every organ and system in the body. Depending on the level of exposure, lead can harm the nervous system, kidney function, immune system, reproductive and developmental systems, and the cardiovascular system.

13. Nonattainment areas in Utah
In United States environmental law, a nonattainment area is an area considered to have air quality worse than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as defined in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970.
Governor Herbert requests that Salt Lake, Davis, Weber, Tooele, Utah, Uintah and Duschesne be considered nonattainment areas in Utah.
The bulk of Utah’s population (over 75%) is generally located within lowland valley areas along the Wasatch Front in which air is easily trapped by meteorological conditions and local topography.
The mountains around the Wasatch front can trap the air pollution.

14. What can we do to decrease air pollution
Ride UTA, walk or ride a bike
Carpool
Buy cars that run on natural gas, propane, or electricity
Don’t let your car run while it is just sitting (idle)
Use solar energy for your house
Use Natural Gas Instead of Charcoal
Don’t smoke
Don’t use hazardous chemicals
Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products

15. Works cited https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-attainment_area
policy/DAQ pdf
pollution.php