1. URBAN SANITATION Ministry of Urban Development and Housing
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Afghanistan Conference on Sanitation
2016
Ministry of Urban Development and Housing
URBAN SANITATION

2. Current situation 30 Million population
70 % Urban Population lives in 6 major cities
29% people have access to sanitation facilities (ALCS 2014)
Dropping groundwater level Increasing groundwater contamination

3. Wastewater contributors
Latrines
Fecal sludge
Sewerage
Grey water
Drainage
Storm water

4. Linkages between sanitation and groundwater

6. Groundwater Contamination
Source: BGR sanitation report

7. Groundwater contamination
Water Testing results in Urban Area % %
59% of the water samples are contaminated with bacteria
47% of water samples exceeded the WHO limit for nitrates
66% of water samples exceeded the WHO limit for salinity
Time, Practical examples, All cities reference, %
Bacteria
Nitrogen
Salinity
Source: BGR Report 2004

8. Pollution status 21 % Safely Managed Un Safely Managed 79 %
Source: GIZ-SFD (2016)

9. Makrorayan Wastewater Treatment Plant

10. Makrorayan Wastewater Treatment Plant

11. Potential polluters Un-planned areas Planned areas
NGO’s + Embassies
Governmental org.
Industries +Commercials
Planned areas
Un-planned areas
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12. Challenges Poor sanitation infrastructure
Lack of performance incentives to deliver sanitation services
Weak legislation and regulations for sanitation systems
Ambiguity in responsibilities & Lack of strategic planning
Unsustainable donor driven projects and lower public awarness

13. Wastewater Management Process1 2 3 4 5
Mostly performed
Planning required

14. Proposed plans IWWM 1 LONG TERM IMMEDIATE AUWSC Municipality 2
Private Residential/Housing Projects
Industries + Hotels
NGO’s + Embassies
LONG TERM
IMMEDIATE
AUWSC
Municipality
Presidential Decree
Law
Regulations 2
Fecal Sludge Treatment Systems
Four or five zones of Kabul city 4 1 3 2
MEDIUM TERM
SHORT TERM 3
Decentralized Wastewater treatment systems Toilets upgradation Public awarness
AUWSC
Private sector
Public Private Partnerships
AUWSC 4
Wastewater network Sustainable toilets Improved sanitation infrastrucure
IWWM

15. MUDH plans Capacity Building Legal Documents Construction of FSTPs
City Sanitation Planning
Faecal Sludge Management
Capacity Building
Regulations, Guidelines and Procedures
Framework for private sector involvement
Legal Documents
Feasibility Study
Construction of a FSTP by Supported by Government
Construction of FSTPs

16. Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant
Tanker discharge
Biogas Production
Drying beds
Wastewater treatment
Re-use (greenery)

18. Progressive Approach

19. THANK YOU