1. Journal of Surgical Research
Characterization of ventral incisional hernia and repair using shear wave elastography 
Anuj Chaudhry, PhD, Joseph S. Fernandez-Moure, MD, MS, Peer Shafeeq Shajudeen, BS, Jeffrey L. Van Eps, MD, Fernando J. Cabrera, MD, Bradley K. Weiner, MD, Brian J. Dunkin, MD, FACS, Ennio Tasciotti, PhD, Raffaella Righetti, PhD 
Journal of Surgical Research 
Volume 210, Pages (April 2017)
DOI: /j.jss
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Tissue-mimicking phantoms used for the controlled experiments. Gelatin-agar phantoms embedded with (A) Parietex and (B) Strattice. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Incisional hernia repair. Showing repair process of incisional hernia (A) hernia itself (B) hernia with implanted mesh, and (C) hernia repair after 30 d maturation. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Experimental setup for US SWE acquisition. Postmortem animals were placed on platform (A) and moved beneath the US probe to maintain a fixed distance from the probe (B) for all animals and to eliminate probe pressure on the abdominal and thus operator error. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Shear wave elastograms obtained from the phantoms with (A) embedded synthetic mesh and (B) embedded biologic graft. Cross-section of mesh and graft embedded within the gel-agar phantom (top) are seen as the area of red in the elastogram superimposed on the B mode image (middle). Both the synthetic mesh and the biologic graft are clearly visible on B mode (bottom) and are characterized by an area of increased stiffness relative to the surrounding gelatin tissue-mimicking material. Dashed lines denote the prosthetic within the tissue mimicking gel-agar. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Selected results from the animal models. Shear wave elastograms superimposed on US B-mode images (top) and corresponding B-mode images (bottom) for (A) normal (no hernia), (B) unrepaired hernia, (C) hernia repaired with synthetic (Parietex) mesh, and (D) hernia repaired with biologic (Strattice) graft. Unrepaired hernia is characterized by low stiffness (blue region), whereas mesh and graft repairs show an area of increased stiffness (red regions) relative to surrounding native tissue. Dotted white line denotes the position of the mesh or graft. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Averaged Young's modulus measurements in KPa for the phantoms with embedded Strattice, for the phantoms with embedded Parietex, animal hernias repaired with Parietex and animal hernias repaired with Strattice. (Color version of the figure is available online.)
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Three-dimensional reconstruction of (A) unrepaired hernia (B) synthetic mesh repair and (C) biologic graft repair. After processing of scanned abdominal walls before and after repair, the areas of very low stiffness corresponded to the actual hernia seen in necropsy and represented here in the three-dimensional reconstructions (A). After 3 month of incubation post repair, the synthetic mesh repair remained flush with the abdominal wall, (B) whereas the biologic graft was seen to bulge slightly.
Journal of Surgical Research  , DOI: ( /j.jss )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions