1. The Endocrine System (Chemical Control System)
Hormones
Steroid Hormones
Protein Hormones
Negative feedback
The Pituitary Gland
Posterior and Anterior Lobe of the Pituitary
Metabolism and Thyroid T4
Parathyroid Hormone and Calcium
Blood Sugar and the Pancreas
Stress and adrenaline
Cortisol

3. Chemical Signals _______
Hormones: chemicals released by cells that affect cells in other parts of the body
Endocrine Hormones: chemicals secreted by endocrine glands directly into the blood

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6. Endocrine System ________
Nervous System – responds quickly to environmental changes
Endocrine System – takes longer but maintains control over a longer duration of time

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8. Steroid Hormones Made from cholesterol (lipid)
Not Soluble in water (but are in fat)
______
Hormone-Receptor complex moves into nucleus and activates a gene to produce a specific protein.
Examples: Male and Female Sex Hormones

10. Protein Hormones Contain chains of amino acids of varying length
Soluble in water
Combine with receptors on the cell membrane
________
Ex/ increase protein production
Examples: ……………….

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12. Many hormones undergo negative feedback

13. The Pituitary Gland Has control over all other endocrine glands
_________
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14. Posterior Lobe of Pituitary
________
ADH – acts on kidneys to restore water balance
Oxytocin
……………..

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16. Growth and Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH) _______
Too little GH – dwarfism
Too much GH - gigantism

17. Metabolism and Thyroid
Thyroid Gland
Mainly Produces Thyroxine (T4) and Calcitonin

18. T4
The 4 stands for 4 iodine atoms, therefore, you need iodine in your diet to produce these hormones
If you lack iodine, thyroxin is not produced so your anterior pituitary continually sends signals …………..
___________

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20. Blood Sugar and the Pancreas
alpha and beta cells are found in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
__________

21. _________
Glucagon converts glycogen  glucose in the liver when your blood glucose is to low

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24. Stress
Stress hormones provide more blood glucose to cope with the elevated energy requirements brought on by stress

25. Epinephrine (Epi) - Adrenaline
Response to stress
Produced in the adrenal gland
_________
Increases alertness/awareness
Accelerates heart rate
……………
Prepares your body to ………..

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27. Cortisol Produced in the adrenal gland
It is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucose. Its primary functions are to:
___________
suppress the immune system
aid in fat, ……………..