3. Central Station, Nuclear, Coal, Gas
Distributed Supply, Managed Demand

5. A Pragmatic, Progressive Approach to Energy Justice
Distributive Justice Principles and Practice
Principles Extensions Measurement & Policy
Use
Availability Devote attention surplus & least well-off 1 People deserve no less energy than the median household consumes2,a
Affordability Balance fiscal viabilityb and hierarchy Living wage level, c Rates should be no higher than the median and people should
of needs2,d pay no more than 2x median as a % of incomee, 3
Quality Service not supply, f Extensity and intensity Ensure adequacy, reliability and timeliness, 4, g Recognize and promote movement up the
of use5,h hierarchy of needs, 6,j Attend to strong complementary goods, skills7,k
Responsibility
Individual Households must take some responsibility for cost8,l Steadily increasing share of cost recovery as income and usage rises9,m
Social Externalities, 10,n Optimization, Robustness11 Least-cost, 12 Conservationo
Equity
Intragenerational
Primary goods,13 Capacitiesp All the way, q Hierarchy of uses, r reflect local needs (conformity, convenience, adequacy) s
Some inequality if socially beneficial14,t Open for all15
Intergenerational
Sustainability Depletion, 16 environmental harm17,u Incentives to create recoverable/valuable resources, 18 renewable resources, 19,v Preserving resources, 20,w
to the maximum extent consistent with technology that maximizes use of local resources benefit21,x
Transactional
Due Process Technocracy & Exclusion22 Information, 23 Subsidiarity, 24 Participatory governance25, y
Capitalist Challenges for Implementing Distributive Justice
Effectiveness of Subsidies
Dumb subsidies Confusion of means-ends, z leakage, aa Smart subsidies, ab,26 Recognize relatively small sums needed when targeted to promote access and
exaggeration of cost and impacts adoption, Targeting with means testing, 28, ad Reflect value of externalities (positive and negative) 29,ae
Monopoly bias Incumbent biasaf Competitive neutrality in funding of subsidies (Uniform tax rate for all potential suppliers, general
revenue); Competition in supply to minimize cost (Reverse Auctions)
Competition in demand to maximize utility (consumer sovereignty through Vouchers.
Administration Chronic inefficiency, rigidity, corruption Adaptive, flexible, effective, quality control, monitoring & evaluation
Market Structure Excess Cost: Failure to require least cost & over recovery
Competition & regulation (IRP) to eliminate abuse of market power & unnecessary supply-side subsidies
Centralization Concentration of wealth & power Promotion of decentralized alternatives: Employment of local resources, Diseconomies of scale Improving fit between supply & demand, Autonomy
Inefficiency Waste, excess cost Promoting efficiency lowers bills, reduces subsidies, strengthens finance
Efficiency in Cost Recovery
Cost causers Misplaced subsidies Marginal cost, Capture economies of scale, Social allocation of common costs to maximize users, not usage
do not bear cost favoring small users (equal benefit, equal burden, standalone cost rules at the top)
Shared responsibility Consumer/subsidy, public/private, microfinance of amortized fixed cost

6. THE DECLINING COST OF SOLAR INPUTS

7. 1st Industrial Revolution
2nd Industrial Revolution
3rd Industrial Revolution

9. INFORMATION, COMMUNICATIONS & CONTROL TECHNOLIGIES
DYNAMIC SYSTEM MANAGEMENT UTILIZING
INFORMATION, COMMUNICATIONS & CONTROL TECHNOLIGIES
DEMAND
Efficiency
Target peaks
Aggressive demand response
Manage water heating
Smart controllers
Rates
Target fixed cost recovery
Time of use
Grid Management
Expand balance area
Improve forecasting
Integrated power transactions
Import/export
SUPPLY
Dispatchable Storage
Solar thermal
Utility strategic
Distributed Storage
Community and Individual
Air conditioning & Water
Electric vehicles
Generation
Geographic Diversity
Technological Diversity
Peak Targeted Solar
Quick start/rapid ramp