1. AFRICA
CH 8 - sort of…
AFRICA BEFORE ISLAM

2. African geographic diversity

3. Bantu migrations

4. Carthage (Phoenician)
North Africa
Berbers - nomads
Carthage (Phoenician)

5. Northeast Africa
Nubia
(Kush, Axum)

6. Ethiopia
only Christian location in Africa prior to imperialism in 1800’s
1st century AD converts to Christianity, many Jewish influences (older than parts of Europe)
Numbers 12:1, wife of Moses, “Cushite woman”
Jeremiah 12:23 “Can the Kushite change his skin”?
Genesis 10:18 Cush - grandson of Noah, son of Ham,
father of Nimrod

7. Sahel - grasslands southwest of Sahara
GHANA
gold and salt trade

8. Saharan trading empire

9. Mali - Muslim, Sudanic state
Malinke peoples
between Senegal and Niger
Sundiata - “Lion Prince”
griots - oral historians
Ibn Battuta - world traveler
Sangore mosque, library in Timbuktu

10. East Africa small city-states
without empire (stateless) prior to Islam

11. West Africa YORUBA BENIN non-Bantu, pre-Muslim city states
14th century
kingdom,
inherited
W. Africa arts

12. Central Africa - also not Islamic
KONGO
GREAT ZIMBABWE

13. “textbook” notes “stateless societies” - often lack written record
common elements - Bantu language, animist religion, agricultural society
spread of Islam - Sudanic Kingdoms (Mali, Songhey) and East Africa (swahili city-states)
Kongo, Great Zimbabwe, Ghana, Benin = all strong, pre-Islamic African kingdoms

14. SPREAD OF ISLAM
3 causes = four places

15. Ibn Battuta (doc book)
Marco Polo Ibn Battuta Zheng He

16. Investigate the spread of Islam…
Sufi mystics
Violence / warfare
Trade
SOUTH ASIA (India) - Ch 7
SOUTHEAST ASIA - Ch 7
WEST AFRICA - Ch 8
(Sudanic - Mali, Songhay)
EAST AFRICA - Ch 8
(Swahili coast)

17. Sufism