1. 11.4 British Imperialism
In India

2. Where is India?
China

3. A Brief introduction
to India’s culture

4. of India
Religions

5. Hinduism Hinduism is the major religion of India
polytheistic – meaning belief in more than one god
It was founded around 2000 B.C.
Holy Book is the Veda

6. INDIA’S CASTE SYSTEM
According to Hindu teaching, there are four basic castes, or social classes
Each caste has its own rules and obligation for living
The elite caste is the Brahman, or priest caste
Second are the Kshatriyas, or warriors and rulers
Third are the Vaishyas, or merchants and farmers
The fourth caste is the Shudras or unskilled workers
Outside the caste system are the untouchables
  The untouchables are the outcasts of Hindu society
Though outlawed in India in the 1940s, the untouchables are still a very real part of Indian society
One does not get decide his or her caste – that matter is decided when one is born into a particular caste

7. Outcasts Dalits Untouchables
INDIA’S CASTE SYSTEM
Brahmins:
Priests
Kshatriyas:
Warriors and Rulers
Vaishyas:
Merchants and Farmers
Shudras:
Unskilled workers
Outcasts Dalits Untouchables

8. Recent Headlines in India
A random sampling of headlines in mainstream Indian newspapers tells their story:
"Dalit boy beaten to death for plucking flowers“
"Dalit tortured by cops for three days"
"Dalit killed in lock-up at Kurnool"
"7 Dalits burnt alive in caste clash"
"5 Dalits lynched in Haryana"
"Police egged on mob to lynch Dalits".

10. British East
India Company

11. Since the 1500’s, Great Britain worked to expand their empire
The British Empire
Since the 1500’s, Great Britain worked to expand their empire
The more lands under Britain’s control meant more materials it had and more products it could sell
AND MORE POWER!

12. It is the consciousness of the inherent superiority of the European
which has won for us India. However well-educated and clever a native may be, and however brave he may prove himself, I believe that no rank we can bestow on him would cause him to be considered an equal of the British officer.
- LORD KITCHENER, British Commander of the army in India

13. dresses and furnishings
British India
In the 1600’s, the British East India Company set up trading posts in a few major Indian cities
Towards the end of the 17th century India became the focal point of the Company's trade
Cotton cloth woven by Indian weavers was being imported into Britain in huge quantities to supply a worldwide demand for cheap, washable, lightweight fabrics for
dresses and furnishings

14. East India Company Takes Control
In the 1800’s, The Mughal empire had disintegrated... Leaving the Company to seize power
The Company’s success with trade led them to take on more control of the territory:
Property relations
Laws should be based on scientific principles
Education should be remodelled
Superstitious thought instilled by Asian religions should be challenged by missionaries spreading the reasoning embodied in Christianity

15. Sepoy Rebellion

16. In 1857, Sepoys, rebelled against the British
Sepoy: Indian soldier in the British Army used to crush potential internal resistance
There were feelings of resentment towards the British for their control and their poor treatment of the natives.
In 1857, Sepoys, rebelled against the British

18. Sepoy Rebellion The rebellion broke out after
rumors spread that the cartridges for the Enfield rifle the Sepoys used were lubricated with beef and pork fat
Soldiers had to bite the seal off of the cartridges before loading
Hindu Indians were offended because cows are sacred to their faith
Muslim Indians were offended because pork was considered unclean in their faith

19. Sepoy Rebellion Sepoys that refused to use the cartridges were jailed
The next day, the Sepoys rebelled
Fighting lasted for over a year. Finally, the East India Company regained control
Indians could not unite due to splits in differences between Hindus and Muslims
After that, the British government was much more involved in controlling India

20. The Raj:
"Jewel in the Crown"
of the
British Empire

21. The Raj In England Secretary of State for India In England In India
The system of governance after India came under the British Crown during the reign of Queen Victoria.
The Raj
In England
Secretary of State for India
In England
In India
Legislative
Councils
Judicial
Councils
Provincial Governor
British Civil Servants

22. Great Britain had lands all over the world
The Sun Never Sets
on the British Empire
Great Britain had lands all over the world
A popular phrase that British people would say was, “The sun never sets on the British Empire”
But the crown jewel of the empire, the place that brought the most profit and wealth, was India

23. India was the Crown Jewel
India provided huge amounts of raw materials that could be sent to Britain
Britain’s factories could then manufacture goods from it
India’s 300 million people were also a large market for British goods

24. Benefits for India? NEGATIVES POSITIVES
British held most political and economic power
Conversion to cash crops reduced food production
Not allowed to manufacture goods
Threatened traditional culture
POSITIVES
The British did set up a railroad network, but it only transported British goods
Developed a modern economy and new technology
Schools and public sanitation 24

25. Nationalism

26. Nationalism Nationalism: A strong devotion to one’s culture
Indian nationalism led to even stronger resentment towards British and harsh economic problems fueled the fire

27. Indian Nationalism 1885  The Indian National Congress founded
Indians demanded more modernization & a greater role in governing themselves
Wanted to move away from traditional practices
Social reform movements and change would help defeat foreign control
Hated being second class citizens in their own country 27

28. Forming Nationalist Groups
Indian National Congress
Muslim League
Both were calling for a self government
1905 British divided Hindu and Muslim sections keeping the two apart and unable to unite for independence
Conflict continued for many years 28

29. Leader of the Indian National Movement
Well educated
Humanitarian
Influenced non-violent movements
Assassinated 29

30. In 1930 in order to help free India from British control, Mahatma Gandhi proposed a non-violent march protesting the British Salt Tax, continuing Gandhi's pleas for civil disobedience
The Salt Tax essentially made it illegal to sell or produce salt, allowing a complete British monopoly.  Since salt is necessary in everyone's daily diet, everyone in India was affected
Gandhi and many followers marched to boycott the tax and was arrested and thrown into prison, already full with fellow protestors
           
The Salt March led to other non-violent movements which resulted in horrible violence by police.
Salt March

32. What religion are most Indians?
QUIZ WIZ
What religion are most Indians?
Hindu

33. What was the impact of the East India Company on India?
QUIZ WIZ
What was the impact of the East India Company on India?
Faced discrimination
Assimilation
Exploitation
Cultural persecution

34. QUIZ WIZ Why did the Sepoy’s rebel against the British?
British supposedly put beef and pork fat on the rifle cartridges

35. QUIZ WIZ
How was it possible that the sun never set on the British Empire?
The massive area they controlled around the world

36. Why is India considered to be the “Jewel in the Crown”?
QUIZ WIZ
Why is India considered to be the “Jewel in the Crown”?
India provided many raw materials to be manufactured in Britain and offered another selling market

37. QUIZ WIZ Why was Gandhi using non-violent protest?
To gain India’s independence from Britain