1. ICWater: Incident Command Tool for Drinking Water Protection
William B. Samuels, Rakesh Bahadur, Jonathan M. Pickus, David E. Amstutz1 and Douglas Ryan2
1Science Applications International Corporation
McLean, VA
2US Forest Service
Arlington, VA
American Water Resources Association
GIS and Water Resources III
May 17-19, 2004
Nashville, TN

2. Current Situation
Drinking water sources are vulnerable to terrorist attack
Protection is expensive and takes time
Steps needed to minimize consequences to the public of an attack
Rapid, effective response to an attack can reduce public risk.

3. Protecting the Public
Incident Commanders direct first responders in emergencies
Timely and accurate information vital for effective action
Drinking water information widely scattered
Not readily available in an emergency

4. Incident Command Tool Needed
Gather critical information
Single, secure site
Provide access for Incident Commanders
Cover all 50 States
Implement through consortium of Federal, State and Local agencies

5. Why the Forest Service? Cadre of trained Incident Commanders
Experience responding to wildland fires and other major disaster response
National Forests important source of public drinking water

6. Specifications Include the real-time RiverSpill model
Include the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD)
ARCGIS and ARCIMS
Process data received from field sensors

7. Specifications (cont.)
Include the following databases
sensor locations, dams, reservoirs,locks surface water bodies; public drinking water intakes; roads and railroads, population, critical facilities
Stand-alone and Web-based
Track human pathogens, toxic chemicals, and radioactive substances

8. Phases
Requirements
Pilot
Operational

9. Summary of Technical Exchange Meetings and Discussions
Requirements Phase
EPA – Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water
USGS – Water Resources Division
USDA- Agricultural Research Service
USFS Engineering
Defense Group Inc. – CoBRA
EPA – Emergency Response Analyzer
FEMA – HAZUS
DTRA - CATS
CDC – Medical Surveillance
Pilot Phase
NWS – Stream Forecasting
EPA – Office of Water – NHD Development Team
DOT – Office of Pipeline Safety
EPA – Law Enforcement

10. Incident Command Tool (ICWater)
Local Incident Commanders
CATS
HAZUS
CoBRA
Strategic Decision Makers
Emergency Response
Analyzer
Hospitals
Response Actions
Monitoring
ICWater
(RiverSpill)

11. ICWater Schema Outputs Tier 1: Client Browser Tier 2: Web/Map Server
Maps, Reports, Tables compatible with:
CATS, HAZUS, EPA Situation Room,
COBRA
Tier 1: Client Browser
http
Tier 2: Web/Map Server
Tier 3: Database Server
National Hydrography Dataset
GIS layers: sensors, dams, reservoirs,
locks, transportation, topography,
population, intakes
Database
Server
Web and Map Server
ICIT Business Logic
RiverSpill
Internet Map Server
External Inputs
Field Sensors
Field Reports
USGS Real-Time Gages
Medical Surveillance

12. RiverSpill

13. National Hydrography Dataset (NHD)
USGS
Available for NHDinGEO format
EPA Office of Water:
making NHD available to the ICWater Project from their Reach Address Database (RAD)
NHD-Indexed Public Water Supply Intakes
Flow volume and Velocity attributes
Development proceeding
NHDinGEO data from USGS
Hydrologic Region 5 from the RAD

14. Status of Supporting Databases
Public Water Supply Intakes
USGS Stream gages
19,590 current and historical gages (7,160 real-time)
Hydrologic Units (HUC) (Watershed Boundaries)
Created a downstream/upstream HUC navigation table
HAZMATS
Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI)
Risk Management Plan Sites (RMP)
Superfund Sites (CERCLIS)
Hazardous Waste (RCRA)

15. Status of Supporting Databases (continued)
Mines
Minerals Availability System (Bureau of Mines)
Dams
National Inventory of Dams (Corps of Engineers)
Dischargers
Permits Compliance System (NPDES)
Reservoirs
USGS Reservoir characteristics

16. Status of Supporting Databases (continued)
National Pipeline Mapping System
USFS Roads
ESRI Data
Streets
Railroads
Federal Lands (includes USFS lands)
Boundary files (state, county, zip,….)
US Census Data (2000 population)
Hospitals
Schools

17. ICWater Compatibility
Stand Alone Compatibility
HAZUS
HAZUS Runs Within ArcGIS
HAZUS-MH obtained and installed
CoBRA
CoBRA is a Hardened Computer Platform Running Windows OS. This Meets Required Platform for ICIT
CoBRA software and API requested from vendor
CATS
CATS 6 Runs Within ArcGIS With Release in April 2004
CATS 6 being developed by SAIC
EPA Emergency Analyzer
more applicable to Web-based ICWater/RiverSpill

18. ICWater Compatibility (continued)
Web Based ICIT
CoBRA & EPA Emergency Analyzer
These Systems Are Interested in RiverSpill as a Web Service
Web Services Represent a Way for External Clients to Use the Same API that ICIT Clients Use, Just Remotely
CATS & HAZUS
These systems are interested in the results from running in a browser. Shapefiles work to some extent…
CATS wants Model Output Specification compliant XML output

19. ICWater Partners US Forest Service Linkage to Incident Commanders TSWG
Compatibility with existing consequence assessment tools
DTRA
Training MOU with USFS
Operation and maintenance
EPA
NHD
Model validation
USGS
Comparisons with dye studies
Location of gages and monitoring stations
Interstate Commission of the Potomac River Basin
Comparisons with dye studies and other transport models

26. RiverSpill Skill Assessment Willamette River Basin Study Area

29. ERF-1 and NHD Enhanced Reach File (ERF1) National Hydrography Dataset
1:500,000-scale stream network
68,000 total reaches
16,000 named rivers
National scale, mean flow and velocity information
National Hydrography Dataset
1:100,000 scale
3 million plus reaches
Mean flow and velocity attributes in development
Pilot study
covering three hydrologic units
NHD was populated with mean flow and velocity values

31. ERF1 (1 segment)
Mean Flow = cfs
Mean Velocity = 1.54 fps
NHD (55 segments)
Mean Flow = 392 cfs
(range: )
Mean Velocity =1.2 fps
(range: )
USGS Real-Time gages
Olentangy River at Delaware, OH
Mean Flow = 306 cfs
Olentangy River at Worthington, OH
Mean flow = 371 cfs

33. Summary Water sources are vulnerable
Preparedness will reduce consequences to the public of an attack.
Incident Commanders need timely information to act effectively.
Tool will provide ICs critical information when they need it.

34. Program Contacts Doug Ryan Perry Pederson Kevin McCormack
USFS, (703) ,
Perry Pederson
TSWG, (703) ,
Kevin McCormack
USEPA, (202) ,

35. Technical Contacts William B. Samuels, Ph.D Rakesh Bahadur, Ph.D
SAIC, (703) ,
Rakesh Bahadur, Ph.D
SAIC (703) ,
Project Website