1. SOCIOLOGY: A Down-to-Earth Approach CORE CONCEPTS, 2/e
James M. Henslin
Chapter Seven
Social Stratification
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2. What is Social Stratification?
A hierarchy of relative privilege based on power, property, and prestige.
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3. Systems of Social Stratification
Slavery
Causes
Conditions
Slavery in the New World
Slavery Today
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4. Systems of Social Stratification
Caste
India’s Religious Castes
U.S. Racial Caste System
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5. Systems of Social Stratification
Other
Social Class
Global Stratification and Status of Females
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6. Global Stratification: Three Worlds
First World
Industrialized Capitalist Nations
Second World
Communist Nations
Third World
Nations that Don’t Fit in First Two
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7. Global Stratification: Three Worlds
Most Industrialized Nations
Industrializing Nations
Least Industrialized Nations
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8. Global Stratification: Three Worlds
Modifying the Model
Most Industrialized Nations
Industrializing Nations
Least Industrialized Nations
Oil-Rich, Nonindustrialized Nations
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9. How Did World’s Nations Become Stratified?
Colonialism
World System Theory
Culture of Poverty
Evaluating the Theories
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10. Why is Social Stratification Universal? Functionalist View
Davis and Moore’s Explanation
Society Must Make Sure all Positions are Filled
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11. Why is Social Stratification Universal? Functionalist View
Davis and Moore’s Explanation
Some Positions are More Important than Others
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12. Why is Social Stratification Universal? Functionalist View
Davis and Moore’s Explanation
More Important Positions Filled by More Qualified People
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13. Why is Social Stratification Universal? Functionalist View
Davis and Moore’s Explanation
To Motivate Qualified People, They Must Be Rewarded
Tumin’s Critique
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14. Why is Social Stratification Universal? Conflict Perspective
Marx’s Position
Functionalist Explanation is Ideology of the Elite
Class Consciousness Will Overcome Blinding Ideology
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15. Determinants of Social Class
Karl Marx
The Means of Production
Max Weber
Property, Prestige, and Power
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16. Weber’s Three Components of Social Class: Interrelationships Among Them
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17. Social Class in the United States
Wealth
Distinction Between Wealth and Income
Distribution of Wealth and Income
Power
Power Elite: Mills Used This Term for Those Who Make the Big Decisions in U.S. Society
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18. Distribution of Wealth in American
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Source: By the author. Based on Beeghley 2005.

19. Inequality of U.S. Income
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20. The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same: The Percentage of the Nation’s Income Received by Each Fifth of U.S. Families
Source: By the author, Based on Statistical Abstract 1960:Table 417; 1970:Table 489; 2005:Table 672.
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21. Social Class in the United States
Prestige
Displaying Prestige
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22. Social Class in the United States
Occupations and Prestige
They Pay More
They Require More Education
They Entail More Abstract Thought
They Offer Greater Autonomy
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23. Social Class in the United States
Status Consistency
Ranking High or Low on All Three Dimensions of Social Class
Status Inconsistency
Ranking High on Some Dimensions of Social Class and Low on Others
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24. The U.S. Social Class Ladder
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Source: By the author. Based on Gilbert and Kahl 1998 and Gilbert 2003;
ncome estimates are modified from Duff 1995.

25. A Social Class Model
Building on Weber, Gilbert, and Kahl’s Six-Class Model:
Capitalist Class
Upper Middle Class
Lower Middle Class
Working Class
Working Poor
Underclass
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26. Consequences of Social Class
Family Life
Choice of Husband or Wife
Divorce
Child Rearing
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27. Consequences of Social Class
Education
Religion
Politics
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28. Consequences of Social Class
Physical Health
Mental Health
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29. Social Mobility Three Types Intergenerational Upward Downward
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30. Social Mobility Structural Mobility Women and Social Mobility
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31. Myths About the Poor Most are Lazy Poor are Trapped and Few Escape
Most are Latino and African-American
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32. Myths About the Poor Most are Single Mothers with Kids
Most Live in Inner City
Most are on Welfare
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33. Poverty Who Are The Poor? Poverty Line Race-Ethnicity
Children of Poverty
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34. Poverty Who Are The Poor? Feminization of Poverty Old Age
Children of Poverty
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35. Poverty in the United States by Age, and Race-Ethnicity
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36. How Many Births to Single Mothers?
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Source: Murray Note: Totals were available only for white women.

37. Poverty Where is Horatio Alger? Social Functions of a Myth
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