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Published byBruno Webb Modified over 6 years ago
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Incentives / Pressure GREED Personal financial trouble
Management opportunity for huge gains Employee opportunity to share in those gains Personal financial trouble Living beyond means Vice Financial emergencies Work-related pressure Pressure to perform Under-compensated employees
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Opportunity Poor controls / control override
Failure to discipline perpetrators Ignorance / apathy / capacity (available victims)
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Internal Control Overview
Control Environment Accounting System Control Activities Monitoring
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Control Environment “Tone at the top”: Management attitude and example
Communication about ethics Appropriate hiring (competence and honesty) Clear organizational structure
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Control Activities Segregation of duties System of authorization
Independent checks Physical safeguards Documents and records
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Attitude / Rationalization
Lack of ethical values Otherwise ethical individual rationalizes actions
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Note from a fraud detection perspective
Opportunities easiest to assess Incentives / pressure can be assessed if work-related Personal incentives, attitudes difficult to assess
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Note from a fraud prevention perspective
Opportunities Easiest to control Focus of most companies’ fraud prevention efforts Incentives, Attitudes More difficult to control Will return to this discussion later
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