1. Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings
Reproductive System
Lecture b – Male Reproductive System
Welcome to Terminology in Healthcare and Public Health Settings, Reproductive System. This is lecture b, Male Reproductive System.
This material (Comp 3 Unit 10) was developed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 90WT0007.
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2. Reproductive System Learning Objectives
Define, understand and correctly pronounce medical terms related to the female and male reproductive systems
Describe common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the female and male reproductive systems
The objectives for this unit, Reproductive System, are to:
Define, understand and correctly pronounce medical terms related to the female reproductive system and male reproductive system.
Describe common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the female reproductive system and male reproductive system.

3. Male Reproductive System Overview
Testes
Scrotum
Network of excretory ducts
Epididymis
Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
Ejaculatory ducts
Our study of the male reproductive system begins with a review of male anatomy. The male reproductive system produces the male hormone testosterone. It also produces sperm for copulation.
The testes (pronounced test-tees) are two egg-shaped organs inside the scrotum, the loose sac of skin located behind the penis. Sperm cells are produced in the testes and are moved up into the body through the vas deferens. The vas deferens joins the urethra (pronounced you-wreath-ruh) which is a tube that opens to the outside of the body through the penis. In addition to producing sperm, the testes also produce male hormones which are responsible for the development of the secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair, pubic hair and changes in the voice.

4. Male Reproductive System Overview 2
Network of excretory ducts
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Penis
Seminal vesicles are two structures lying behind the bladder. They are connected to the vas deferens and secrete a thick fluid that forms part of the semen.
The prostate gland is about the size of a walnut and it produces part of the seminal fluid that carries sperm. The prostate gland surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra.
The penis is the male organ of copulation and urination.

5. Disorders and Diseases of the Penis
Balanitis
Inflammation of the skin covering the head of the penis
Erectile Dysfunction
Inability to obtain or maintain an erection
Infections
Chlamydia
Genital warts
Gonorrhea
Disorders and diseases of the penis can cause pain and affect a man’s sexual function and fertility. Disorders of the penis include: Balanitis (pronounced bal (like balance)-uh-night-iss) which is the inflammation of the skin covering the head of the penis.
Erectile dysfunction, which is the inability to obtain or maintain an erection.
Other problems include infections. One infection of the penis is caused by Chlamydia (pronounced kluh-mid-ee-uh), which is a common bacterial sexually transmitted disease. Symptoms include burning during urination or an abnormal discharge from the penis, but sometimes there are no symptoms. The treatment is antibiotics.
Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (pronounced pap-ill-ome-uh-virus), or HPV (pronounced H-P-V). In men, genital warts are less common than in women but might occur on the tip of the penis. Warts can disappear on their own, however the virus stays in your body even after treatment so they can return.
Gonorrhea is a curable STD common in young adults and caused by bacteria. It does not always manifest symptoms, but in men it can cause pain when urinating and a discharge from the penis. If untreated, it can cause epididymitis (pronounced eppi-did-ih-might-iss), which is an infection of the ducts in the testes. Gonorrhea can be cured with antibiotics.

6. Disorders and Diseases of the Prostate
Prostatitis
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Prostate Cancer
Rare in men under 40
PSA diagnostic test
Symptoms
painful or difficulty with urination
low back pain
pain with ejaculation
Treatment depends on stage of cancer
Some common problems with the prostate include these disorders and diseases.
Prostatitis (pronounced pross-tuh-tight-iss) is an infection of the prostate gland, usually caused by bacteria.
Benign prostatic (pronounced pross-static) hypertrophy, or BPH (pronounced B=P-H), is an enlargement of the prostate gland, commonly seen in males over 50. Symptoms include dribbling after urination, and frequent urination, especially at night. Possible treatments include resection of the portion of the gland that is obstructing the urethra.
Prostate cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in men of all ages. It is rare in men younger than 40. The levels of a substance called prostate specific antigen or PSA (pronounced P-S-A) is often high in men with prostate cancer, but it may also be high with other prostate conditions. Symptoms of prostate cancer include: painful or difficult urination, low back pain, and pain with ejaculation. Prostate cancer treatment depends on the stage of the cancer. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or control of hormones that affect the cancer.

7. Disorders and Diseases of the Testicles
Testicular disorders
Inflammation or infection
Symptoms
Lump
Redness
Pain
Other changes in testicle
Treatment depends on cause
There are also various disorders that affect the testicles. For example, testicles can get inflamed or infected. Symptoms include a lump, redness, pain or other changes in the testicle. Diagnosis and treatment depend on the specific conditions.

8. Disorders and Diseases of the Testicles 2
Testicular Cancer
Risk factors
Age: mainly young men between years
History of undescended testicle
Family history of testicular cancer
Symptoms
Pain, swelling or lumps
Treated by surgery, radiation or chemotherapy
Complications of treatment: infertility
And finally, testicular cancer can form in a man’s testicles. This type of cancer mainly affects young men between the ages of 20 and 39. It is also more common in men who have had abnormal testicle development, have had an undescended testicle and have a family history of the cancer.
Symptoms include pain, swelling, or lumps in the testicles or groin area.
Diagnostic tests used to confirm the diagnosis of testicular cancer include an open biopsy or a needle biopsy. Treatment options include surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. Treatments may also cause infertility.

9. Combining Forms Male Reproductive System
Key Word Forms
Meaning
Sample Term
Gonad/o
Gonad
Hypergonadism
Orch/o
Testis
Orchitis
Orchi/o
Orchiectomy
Prostat/o
Prostate
Prostatectomy
Spermat/o
Sperm
Spermatoid
Test/o
Testitis
Vas
Vas deferens
Vasectomy
Here are some key word parts related to the male reproductive system along with their meanings. In the third column you can see some of the medical terms that we can create by combining word parts.
You should return to the online medical dictionary to hear the pronunciation and become familiar with the meaning of the created terms.

10. Tell me, Detective . . .
An elderly gentleman presented to the Urology Clinic with painful urination, difficulty with urination and low back pain. The urologist ordered a PSA test.
What diagnosis is the physician trying to confirm?
Now it’s time to play detective again. An elderly gentleman presented to the Urology Clinic with painful urination, difficulty with urination and low back pain. The urologist ordered a PSA test. What diagnosis is the physician trying to confirm?
Did you guess prostate cancer or cancer of the prostate gland?
You may remember from this lecture that prostate cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in men of all ages. However, it is rare in men younger than 40. The levels of a substance called prostate specific antigen, or PSA, is often high in men with prostate cancer, but it may also be high in other prostate conditions. Symptoms of prostate cancer include: painful urination or difficulty with urination, low back pain, and pain with ejaculation. Prostate cancer treatment depends on the stage of the cancer. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or control of hormones that affect the cancer.

11. Reproductive System Summary – Lecture b
Define, explain and correctly pronounce medical terms related to the female and male reproductive systems
Describe common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the female and male reproductive systems
This concludes Reproductive System.
In summary, we defined, explained and correctly pronounced medical terms related to the female and male reproductive systems. We described common diseases and conditions with an overview of various treatments related to the female and male reproductive systems.

12. Male Reproductive System References-Lecture b
MedlinePlus [Internet]. Male reproductive system. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [updated 2011 Jul 27]. Available from:
Images
Slide 3, 4: CC BY-SA Available From: en.wikibooks.org
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13. Terminology in Health Care and Public Health Settings Reproductive System Lecture b
This material was developed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number 90WT0007.
No Audio.
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