1. Ancient Rome

2. Ancient Rome Learning Goals
4- In addition to a 3, I can explain how and why the ideas of government and citizenship developed in Rome
3- I understand the the enduring Roman contributions and their impact on later civilization’s government and citizenship
2- I understand the development of concepts of government and citizenship in Ancient Rome
1- I understand the different types of government
4- I can explain the impact Rome has had on the US
3- I understand the the enduring Roman contributions and their impact on later civilization’s scientific and cultural advancements
2- I understand the development of scientific and cultural advancements
1- I understand the ways Rome changed science and culture

3. 4 I can explain the impact Rome has had on the US
In addition to a 3, I can explain how and why the ideas of government and citizenship developed in Rome
I can explain the impact Rome has had on the US

4. 3
I understand the the enduring Roman contributions and their impact on later civilization’s government and citizenship
I understand the the enduring Roman contributions and their impact on later civilization’s scientific and cultural advancements

5. 2 I understand the development of scientific and cultural advancements
I understand the development of concepts of government and citizenship in Ancient Rome
I understand the development of scientific and cultural advancements

6. 1 I understand the ways Rome changed science and culture
I understand the different types of government
I understand the ways Rome changed science and culture

7. The Roman Republic

8. Picture this civilization
Corrupt government- no one trusts the government
Do not value children
Promiscuous
Don’t value life
Violence, between people is common
Violence is entertainment- sports that are violent

9. How did Rome Develop? Creation Myth of Rome Geography of Rome
Founded by Romulus and Remus
Twin sons of Mars
Abandoned on the Tiber River
Raised by a Wolf
They decided to build a city
7 Rolling Hills- easy to defend
Tiber River- for trade
Good farm land

10. How did the Republic Develop?
Monarchy
Republic
Rome had Kings in its early year
The last King was a harsh Tyrant
The Romans over threw him and vowed to never have another King
Form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders

11. How did the Republic work?
Patricians
Plebeians
12 Tables
Wealthy upper class
Hold government positions
Citizens with right to vote
Could not hold gov position
Had their own assembly of elected representatives called Tribunes
Protect them from unfair laws of Patricians
A written law code
All had the right to the protection of the law

12. How did the Republic Work?
Mix of Government
3 Branches similar to US
In Crisis
Elements of Democracy,
Monarchy, and aristocracy
Executive: 2 Consuls
Legislative: Senate- made laws, different assemblies to govern different areas
Judicial: Praetors- 8 Judges over see all courts
Can appoint a dictator- for 6 months

14. The Roman Empire

18. Why did the Republic Collapse
Economic Trouble
Military Trouble
Gap between rich and poor grew
1/3 population was enslaved
¼ urban poor
Former soldiers living in poor conditions, landless
Led to armed conflict
As republic was unstable- generals seized power for themselves (not Rome)
Paid soldiers by giving them land, soldiers were loyal to the generals

19. How did Julius Caesar Gain power?
Triumvirate
Caesar’s military
Caesar becomes dictator
Group of 3 Rulers- Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus
Ruled Rome together for 10 years
Julius Caesar was Consul 1 year
Was governor of Gaul (France)
Led successful military engagements all over
Pompey was afraid of him gaining too much power
Pompey has the Senate order him to Rome
He returns with his army- he has the support of the military and most people
Is named dictator- for life

20. What Did Julius Caesar accomplish?
Julius Caesar's reforms
His death
Expanded Roman citizenship
Expanded the Senate
Created jobs
Built new public buildings
Increased pay for soldiers
On March 15, 44 BC he was stabbed to death in the Senate chambers
Planned by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius

21. The Roman Empire
Continued

22. Movie Time https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FI1ylg4GKv8
While watching consider the following:
1.) How would you react if you were in the audience?
2.) Why do you think this form of entertainment is so popular?
3.) Does anything we do today reflect the same values?

23. How did Octavian become Emperor?
Second Triumvirate
Antony and Cleopatra
General Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian (Caesar’s adopted son)
Ruled for 10 years
All falls apart- Lepidus is forced to retire,
Antony meets Cleopatra while leading troops
Follows her to Egypt
Octavian accuses Antony of plotting to rule Rome from Egypt
Civil War (Antony has help from Cleo)
Octavian wins and becomes the sole Ruler of Rome- Emperor
Takes the title Augustus
Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide

24. What was the culture of Ancient Rome?
Pax Romana
Government
Economics
Period of peace and prosperity in Rome
3million Square miles, 60-80million people
One Emperor and a Senate
Civil Service- paid officials to run day to day of Government
Tax collection,. Grain supply, post office
Plebians
Common Coinage- silver denarius
Complex Road system
Made trade within empire easy
Agriculture- most important
industry

25. What was the culture of Ancient Rome?
Society
Gladiators
Many unemployed, poor
Gap between rich and poor
Conquered people become slaves
Games-take peoples minds off life
Rich and poor
Coliseum- giant stadium
-50,000 people
Men and animals would
fight to the death

26. Roman Lifestyle Skit
With a group of 4-5 people you will create a skit to illustrate one aspect of life in Ancient Rome
Requirements
Skit must be written down- for a grade
All members must participate in the skit
Skit must portray your aspect of Roman life accurately
Have fun!

27. The Fall of the roman empire

28. Plan a Vacation- you have 24 hours in Rome- what do you do? Pick 2
Ancient Rome's huge amphitheater, holding up to 55,000 people, was built by Emperor Vespasian in AD 80 and was the scene of many deadly gladiatorial and wild animal fights.
The Roman Forum comprises much of the Ancient Rome's most important structures, from shrines to government houses to monuments. Although much of the complex is in ruins, you can see the remains and imagine the former glory of the Arch of Septimius Severus, the Temple of Saturn, the Arch of Titus and the House of the Vestal Virgins, among other structures.
The Pantheon is known for its perfect proportions — which is amazing, seeing as it was raised in 120 A.D. While you're there, you can also pay your respects to Raphael (the artist, not the ninja turtle), as well as Italian kings Victor Emmanuel II and Umberto I, who are all buried there.
The Ancient Appian Way has a history that dates back to 312 B.C. and includes the 71 B.C. execution of Spartacus' army, and many a Roman military march. These days, it makes for a good walk with numerous monuments to stop and see along the way.

29. Why did Rome Fall? Economic Factors Military factors
Inflation- drop in value of money &rise in prices
Poor harvest
Rise in taxes
Became less disciplined, loyal and patriotic
Soldiers were loyal to their general not Rome
Mercenaries- hired soldiers
Problems recruiting Citizens
Threat from northern European Tribes

30. Why did Rome Fall? Social Factors Political Factors Disease
Food shortage
Corruption
Lack of patriotism, faith in the empire
No longer interested in public affairs
Political office was seen as a burden
Military interference in politics
Civil war
Division of Empire
Moving capitol to Byzantium

31. How was the Roman Empire divided?
Diocletian
Constantine
Rome was too large for one ruler
Divided into Greek speaking East and Latin speaking West
Appointed a co-leader of the west
Ruled over both parts of the Empire
Moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium
Changed name to Constantinople
After he dies it is split in half again
West-falls, East-thrives

32. How did Rome fall? Germanic Invaders The Huns Romulus Augustulus
Germanic tribes were invaded by a group of Mongols from Asia called the Huns
The Germanic people then pushed into Rome
The Huns led by Attila the Hun attacked and plundered cities throughout Rome
Eventually disease stopped them
Last Roman Emperor
Ousted by German forces
expansion of empire