1. Genocide of Rwanda: A Case Study
Bryan Schilling
Keri Rose
Scott Johnson
Scott Johnson

2. Asking students to grapple with an issue as horrible as genocide, termed”the crime without a name” by Winston Churchill, is a daunting, wrenching, and above all, sad challenge. Yet, as the film “Ghosts of Rwanda” shows, while people and governments turned their backs on what was happening in Rwanda in the spring of 1994, some individuals stood up to the horror and acted effectively, often with breathtaking heroism. Students can witness both the depths to which humans can sink and the heights to which they can soar.

3. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
Article 2
In the present convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group, as such:
Killing members of the group
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.
Scott Johnson

4. A Century of Genocide Armenian’s 1915-1923, 1.5million dead
European Jews , 11 million dead
Bosnia
Rwanda 1994, 937,000 dead
Darfur Current, 2 million and counting
Scott Johnson
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/ stm

5. People of Rwanda
Twas first people in region, now one percent of total population
Hutu’s migrated in 1st century
Tutsi’s left Ethiopia and conquered Hutus in 16th century
BUT!!!! Belgian colonists defined it differently!!
A Hutu was a person with squashed nose and less than ten cows.
A Tutsi had a long nose and more than ten cows.
Scott Johnson

6. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/belgium and en.wikipedia.org/wiki/germany
Colonial History
1890-European powers meet in Brussels and declare Rwanda a German colony. No Rwandans were present.
1916-Belgium occupies Rwanda during World War I
1919-Belgian League of Nations mandate officially recognizes Rwanda as a Belgian colony
1962-On July 1st, Belgium declares Rwandan independence, not Rwanda.
Scott Johnson
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/belgium and en.wikipedia.org/wiki/germany

7. Colonial history Originally a German colony
Became a Belgian colony following WWI
Hutus and Tutsis given ID cards that identified them by ethnicity, and became the foundation of hatred that led to civil violence and genocide
Enforced monocrop of coffee which eventually led to economic catastrophe in the country when coffee prices went belly up on the international market, and led to initial stages of civil violence
Keri Rose

8. Tutsi Made up approximately %14 of population.
Belgians saw them as more regal in physical characteristics because they were taller and more slender
Were mainly herdsman, and had control of the cattle. Belgians equated this with the ability to rule.
Keri Rose

9. Hutu Made up the majority of the population
Were viewed as more savage by the Belgians than the Tutsis because they were shorter and stockier
Were mainly farmers
Keri Rose

10. Rwanda Genocide Began April 1994
An estimated one million people killed in the span of three months
Weapons used were mainly machetes and grenades
The world watched from afar, although they were aware of what was occuring
Killing took place in homes, stadiums, churches, hotels, orphanages, etc…
Over three quarters of the Tutsi population was killed
The genocide was said to be revenge for the years of Tutsi rule over the Hutu during colonization
Keri Rose

11. The U.N. Intervention The role of the U.N. Romeo Dalliare
Bryan Schilling

12. Media Coverage Did the press do its job?
What were the factors that affected the coverage of Rwanda?
Bryan Schilling

13. Tribunals Was justice finally served? Whose stories were told?
Bryan Schilling

14. Rwanda Today / The Aftermath
Learning to Forget, or
Forgetting to Learn?
Consequences…
Bryan Schilling