1. Foot Care Products: Introduction
Birth: 35 joints, 19 muscles, more than 100 ligament and cartilage
Adolescence: 26 bones
3 groups of patients:
Pediatric patients
Adolescence
Geriatric patients
Corn, Calluses, Warts
Corn and Calluses: marked hyperkeratosis in the stratum corneum
Corn:
Small, raised, sharply demarcated region having a central core
yellowish grey color, few mm to 1 cm
Base is on the surface and the apex points inwards
Soft vs. Hard

2. Foot Care Products: calluses
Broad base with a central core or diffused thickening of the skin
Indefinite borders, few mm to several cms
Raised and yellow and have the normal ridges of the skin
Pathophysiology: friction and pressure increase mitotic activity of the basal cell layer leading to migration of maturing cells to the upper layer
Symptoms: pain may be sharp or dull, Calluses are often asymptomatic, causing pain when pressure is applied

3. Foot Care Products: warts
Common viral infection of the skin and mucous membranes
Caused by human papilloma viruses
Rough cauliflower appearance, rough nodules that appear alone or grouped
Plantar warts are common on the soles of the feet
Susceptibility:
1. Pappilloma virus must be present
2. There must be an open avenue such an abrasion, through which the virus enters the skin
3. Immune system must be susceptible to the virus. Immuno-deficient persons once infected develop widespread and highly resistant warts.

4. Foot Care Products: treatment
Non pharmacologic treatment:
Removal of the causative agent: pressure and friction
Pharmacologic agents: Salicylic acid (0.5-40%)
1. decreases keratinocyte adhesion
2. increases water binding, which leads to hydration of keratin

5. Warts: early and vigorous treatment of warts is necessary
Acid: salicylic acid and lactic acid
Cryotherapy
Laser treatment
Debridement

6. Bunions
Pressue on metatarsal head of the great toe
Asymtomatic, very painful if swollen
Ingrown nails
Incorrect nail trimming