1. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
Formed by two coxal (ossa coxae) bones
Composed of three pairs of fused bones
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

2. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
The total weight of the upper body rests on the pelvis
It protects several organs
Reproductive organs
Urinary bladder
Part of the large intestine

4. Ilium Iliac crest – superior edge of “ala”
Greater Sciatic Notch – notch that allows blood vessels and the sciatic nerve to pass from the pelvis posteriorly into the thigh
Iliac Tuberosity - elevated and rough surface inferior to iliac crest, for the attachment of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments

5. Ilium
Iliac Fossa - large, smooth, concave surface on the internal surface of the
Acetabulum – Site where ilium, ischium, and pubis bones fuse. Deep socket that receives the head of the femur.

6. Ischium
Ischial Spine – superior to ischial tuberosity; projection that narrows pelvic outlet
Lesser Sciatic Notch – notch below ischial spine
Ischial Tuberosity – roughened area that receives body weight when sitting
Ischial Ramus – inferior portion of ischium that connects with pubis
Obturator Foramen – opening that allows blood vessels and nerves to pass into the anterior thigh

7. Pubis Inferior Ramus – inferior portion that connects with ischium
Pubic tubercle - prominent forward-projecting structure on the upper border

8. Gender Differences of the Pelvis (check the book for a comparison photo)
The female inlet is larger and more circular
The female pelvis as a whole is shallower, and the bones are lighter and thinner
The female ilia flare more laterally
The female sacrum is shorter and less curved
The female ischial spines are shorter and farther apart; thus the outlet is larger
The female pubic arch is more rounded because the angle of the pubic arch is greater

9. Femur
Femur (thigh bone)
The heaviest, strongest
bone in the body

10. Femur
Greater Trochanter – adjacent to head, most superior portion; site for muscle attachment
Lesser Trochanter – inferior to greater trochanter; site for muscle attachment
Head – round; articulates with acetabulum
Lateral Condyle – distal, lateral end of femur; articulates with tibia
Medial Condyle - distal, medial end of femur; articulates with tibia

11. Femur
Intercondylar fossa – separates lateral and medial condyles on posterior side of femur
Popliteal surface - triangular area (“back of knee”) between medial and lateral condyles.
Patella = knee cap

12. Tibia and Fibula Tibia Shinbone Larger and medially oriented Fibula
Thin and sticklike

13. Tibia
Lateral condyle - at proximal end; articulates with lateral condyle of femur to create knee joint
Medial condyle – at proximal end; articulates with medial condyle of femur to create knee joint
Tibial tuberosity – roughened area on anterior surface where patellar tendon attaches
Medial malleolus – distal end, process that creates inner bulge of ankle

14. Fibula
Head – proximal end; articulates with inferior portion of lateral condyle of tibia (not part of knee joint)
Lateral malleolus – distal end; forms outer part of the ankle

15. Tarsals, Metatarsals,Phalanges
Two largest tarsals
Calcaneus (heelbone)
Talus
Metatarsals—sole
Phalanges—toes
Tarsals, Metatarsals,Phalanges