1. Cell Organelles
Eukaryotic Cells

2. Cell Parts Cells – the basic unit of life
Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions.
Analogy – City of Concord

3. Cell Analogy
An analogy is a comparison between two things to help explain or make clear
We can make an analogy between a cell and a city
A cell is like the City of Concord
Is like
Analogy – City of Concord

4. Cell Membrane Plasma Membrane Analogy – Concord city limits
Function: Allows food, oxygen & water into cell and waste out of cell. Protective layer.
Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins
Analogy – Concord city limits

5. Cytoplasm Function: Holds cell parts in place
Structure: gelatin- like fluid inside membrane
Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Concord

6. Nucleus
Nucleus
Function: “Control Center.” Regulates DNA directs all cell activity
Structure: membrane bound, contains DNA, usually largest organelle
Analogy – City Hall

7. Nuclear Envelope Function: Regulates what enters or exits the nucleus.
Structure: Double Layer of Lipids
Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall

8. DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA (chromatin)
Function: information on how to make proteins.
Structure: Made up of nucleotides, locked in the nucleus
Analogy – The Laws or City Code

9. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Function: Transportation route for proteins.
Rough ER: has ribosomes
Smooth ER: no ribosomes
Structure: folded membranes; like a conveyor belt
Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks

10. Ribosomes Function: Makes proteins.
Free Ribosomes
Function: Makes proteins.
Structure: small circular organelles attached to ER or float freely.
Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders.

11. Vacuoles Function: Storage for water, nutrients or waste.
Structure: small membrane-bound organelle.
Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks.

12. Vesicles Function: surrounds a material to be moved out of the cell.
Structure: small sac; forms from Golgi Complex’s membrane.
Shipping box

13. Lysosomes
Lysosomes
Function: packets of digestive enzymes that break down food, waste, cell parts, & foreign invaders in a cell.
Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles; mostly in animal cells
Analogy – Recycling center

14. Mitochondria
Mitochondria
Function: Break down food to make & release energy. The “Powerhouse” of the cell.
Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped.
Analogy – Duke Energy

15. Golgi Apparatus/Complex
Function: Packages, labels, sorts and ships proteins out of the cell.
Structure: Pancake-shaped layered organelle, stacked flattened membranes
Analogy – Post Office

16. Cytoskeleton Function: Provide support and structure for the cell.
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Function: Provide support and structure for the cell.
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Structure: Tubules
Analogy – Wood, cement, steel beams

17. Chloroplasts (Plants only)
Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sun and CO2 into sugar (food)).
Structure: Membrane bound organelles that contain chlorophyll
Analogy – Solar Panels

18. Cell Wall (Plant cells only)
Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant.
Structure: Rigid structure, provides support. Made of cellulose
Analogy – ground, rock wall

19. Cilia & Flagella
Cilia
Flagella
Flagella
Function: provides movement for the cell or objects moving by the cell.
Structure:
Flagella – 1 long fiber
Cilia – many short fibers
Analogy – Cars or bicycles.

20. Cell Organelle Rap