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Published byVirgil Fletcher Modified over 6 years ago
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Thermal and thermo-chemical methods of heavy oil recovery
Alexander Babchin, PhD Emeritus Distinguished Scientist Heavy Oil Recovery Department Alberta Research Council (Alberta Innovates) Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Buckley – Leverett Solution of Oil Displacement by Water
Oil saturated zone Water flooded zone Injecting Well
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Buckley – Leverett Solution is Unstable for the Displacement of Heavy Oils (Viscous Fingering)
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Cyclic Steam Stimulation is historically the first method for significant heavy oil recovery
Modern Cyclic Steam Stimulation Main Phases
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Finger of Miscible Gas Injected into Heavy Oil
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Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage
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Mechanism of Heavy Oil Recovery within SAGD Steam Chamber
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Reasons for High Oil Recovery (50.0 – 70.0 %) by SAGD
SAGD is run by forces of Capillarity and Gravity, this leads to stability of steam / condensate – oil front; No SAGD is possible in hydrophobic reservoirs; SAGD test failed in the Grossmont carbonate reservoir in Alberta, Canada
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Special Case – Heavy Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoir
Over 50.0 % of world oil proved reserves are located in carbonate reservoirs; Less than 10.0 % of oil is recovered from carbonate reservoirs; Major difference of oil recovery is Hydrophobicity of carbonate reservoirs; Major task is thermal – chemical floods aiming wettability change of carbonate rocks
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Heavy Oil Recovery from Fractured Carbonate Reservoir
Without chemical additives Imbibition of Water Drainage of Oil With chemical additives Water imbibition Oil drainage
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Imbibition into Carbonate Matrix Induced by Chemical Additives (Wettability Change)
Micro core preparation
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Micro Core Saturated by Oil in Contact with Water
After 1 month
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Oil Recovery from Carbonate Core by Acidic Solution
0.36 M HCl
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Oil Recovery from Carbonate Core by Weak Acid Mixed with Surfactant
0.25 M H3PO % SPI 2400 Surfactant
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Heat Transfer from the Fracture into the Matrix in Carbonate Rocks
Differential Equation of Convective Heat Transfer: With V = 0, = 0 and the equation converts into that is the equation of the molecular heat transfer. Thus, chemical additives give the rise to the convective heat transfer increasing the temperature of the matrix and decreasing oil viscosity.
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Analytical Formula for Pc
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Conclusions Technology of Heavy Oil recovery from hydrophilic reservoirs is well developed and successfully works in Alberta, Canada and in Russia (the Yarega field) at the depth deposit up to 500 m. Deeper deposits are subject to the technology development and extension; Special and very important case is recovery of Heavy Oil from Carbonate reservoirs; Heavy Oil recovery from Carbonates is negligible; Wettability change from oil wet to water wet is the crucial for Heavy Oil recovery from Carbonate rocks.
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