1. The Roman Empire
Creation of Empire

2. Julius Caesar Factions develop in Rome
Caesar is Consul and leads an army into Gaul

3. Caesar defeats Gaul Troops swear loyalty to the great leader
Pompey gains power and orders Caesar to disband and return to Rome

4. King?
Caesar breaks Roman law and marches an army across the Rubicon River
Defeats Pompey
44 BCE – named dictator for life

5. Caesar’s Reign Citizenship to the conquered
Places allies in the Senate
Creates public jobs for the poor
Ruled as a tyrant!
Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius assassinate him outside of the Senate (Tarquin)

7. A Vast and Powerful Empire
Augustus is respected for the following:
Expanded to empire
Defeating many tribes and rivals
Starting amazing building projects
He also created:
Grain allowances
Postal Service

8. PAX ROMANA 3 Million square miles 60-80 million Romans
90% of economy is based on agriculture
People and ideas move along trade routes cultural diffusion!

9. PAX ROMANA
Coliseum (Bread and Circus)
Forum

10. ROMAN ACHEIVEMENTS
Read your topic and record information into the graphic organizer
2 duos partner and discuss (adjust/amend information)
Create a poster that contains the following:
What was it like before/problems
What is it? What did it do? Why was it helpful/important?
What in America is this similar to?

11. Thesis/Claim Practice
Write a strong claim that answers the following prompt
PROMPT: Analyze the accomplishments that advanced the Roman empire during the Pax Romana (Roman Pax)?

12. The Fall of Rome Pax Romana ends with Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-180)
Attacks by rival tribes
No new resources
Inflation increases due to high taxes
Civil War, bankruptcy, divisions

13. Diocletian Doubles the army’s size
Divides the empire into East and West

14. Constantine Moves Eastern capital to Constantinople (Byzantium)
Weakens the empire
Legalizes Christianity
Weakens the customs of Rome, division

15. The Fall of the West Germanic invaders
Barbarians (Goths, Visigoths, Vandals)
410 AD (Goths sack Rome)
Attila the Hun and the Mongolian raiders
Conquer the empire (444 & 452)

16. Reasons for Fall Political Social Economic Military
Government is a burden
Lack of interest and confidence
Poor harvests
Low funding for military
Military overtone
Disloyalty & corruption
Threats to trade
Barbarians
Civil War
Rich vs. Poor
No war plunder
Lack of pride
Division of empire
Food shortages
Inflation
Less recruits
Moving the capital
Disease
High tax burden

17. Primary Sources Primary Sources
Produced by eyewitnesses to events
Examples: Diaries, Letters, Interviews, Autobiographies, Artifacts, & Paintings
Convey personal experiences: Often give an emotion & opinion

18. Secondary Sources Use information gathered from others
Examples: Textbooks & Biographies
Help to understand events in a larger context

19. Analyzing Sources Determine the reliability Evaluate for bias
P: Author & when written (right after the event or much later)
S: Good documentation (sources cited)
Evaluate for bias
Example: