1. Chapter 9: Byzantine Art

2. Warm-up 1-6-15 Ch.9 L2 Byzantine
Respond to the Following:
What do you know about the Byzantine era? What was happening in the Roman empire? What changed from the way things were in Roman chapter?
Obj: SWBAT compare and contrast the Hagia Sophia and the Pantheon
HW Reading: Ch 9 Pg. 255
PAST DUE: Chapter 16 China, Cue Cards Due

3. Agenda: HW Reading: Ch 9 Pg. 255 Warm-up Announcements and Reminders
Notes
Exit Slip
HW Reading: Ch 9 Pg. 255
Due Monday 1/12:
Cue Cards Chapter 9
Future Due Dates:
Semester 1 Final Exam Jan 21
Winter Break Homework
Cue Cards:
Ch. 11 Medieval
Ch. 12 Romanesque
Ch. 17 Japan
PAST DUE:
Chapter 16 China Cue Cards
Office Hours
Tuesday 3:00-4:00
Thursday 3:00-4:00

5. BYZANTINE ART Rome in the East Theme: “Glitterlicious”
4 F’s Flat, Frontal, Formal, Floating
Dates: CE

6. CONTEXT:
Constantinople – center of Eastern Roman Empire (Rome’s population drops)
Theocracy – head of state IS head of church
Justinian – Emperor c. 550, invades Ravenna, declares Christianity THE ONLY lawful religion
Mosaics – main decoration in church
Light – visual manifestation of God
Hagia Sophia - GLORY

7. Europe and the Byzantine Empire ca. 1000

8. How to Analyze ARCHITECTURE:
Architect/Patron
Plan
Structure
Site/location
Orientation
Function
Decoration
Materials
Context/concepts

9. A: Anthemius & Isidorus P: Emperor Justinian
Hagia Sophia,
L: Constantinople
537 CE
A: Anthemius & Isidorus
P: Emperor Justinian
M: concrete, marble, brick, mosaic interior
F: originally Christian church
STYLE :
Central & Axial Plan
Plain ext., decorated int.
Exterior buttresses (added AFTER dome collapsed in late 6th century) provide support for domes
Minarets (4 towers) added when used as a mosque
What’s different about this structure?
Figure ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORUS OF MILETUS, Hagia Sophia (view facing north), Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey, 532–537.

10. Figure 12-3 Alternate View Overall view from South
© 2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

11. Pendentives!
triangular curving vaults btwn arches - support main dome – makes possible a round dome sitting on a rectangular space

12. Check for understanding
What are pendentives? Why are they important?

13. Check for understanding
What are pendentives? Why are they important? Used to achieve greater height, supports the dome without having walls but piers Allows more open space, allows for windows to line the dome

14. PLAN / STRUCTURE Pendentives Galleries Piers narthex Aisles Alter
Figure ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORUS OF MILETUS, longitudinal section (above) and plan (right) of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey, 532–537 (after drawings by Van Nice and Antoniades).
narthex
Aisles
Alter
Naos (cella, nave)
Apse, sanctuary

15. What’s Inside?? Hagia Sophia, Interior STYLE / CONCEPT:
Figure ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORUS OF MILETUS, interior of Hagia Sophia (view facing southwest), Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey, 532–537.
What’s Inside??
Hagia Sophia, Interior
STYLE / CONCEPT:
Pendentives – triangular curving vaults btwn arches - support main dome – makes possible a round dome sitting on a rectangular space
Decoration: Central dome – 40 windows symbolize halo (sacrifice engineering for spiritual concept)
Vast, golden, light filled, soaring heavenly space
CONCEPT: resolved conflict in church architecture….axial w/ emphasis on alter at end of nave vs. central w/ emphasis on dome – altar or heaven? – both!

16. Exit Slip Compare and contrast the Hagia Sophia with the Pantheon.
Discuss function, location, context, patron, and stylistic characteristics