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2. Question 1
The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks
an atmosphere.
a hydrosphere.
a magnetosphere.
all of the above.
Answer: d
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Question 1
The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks
an atmosphere.
a hydrosphere.
a magnetosphere.
all of the above.
Explanation: Both Earth and the Moon have a core, mantle, and crust, but Earth has a liquid water-rich layer, air, and a magnetic field.
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4. Question 2
The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are
hydrogen and helium.
oxygen and nitrogen.
water vapor and carbon dioxide.
methane and ammonia.
sulfuric acid vapor and CO2.
Answer: c
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5. Question 2
The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are
hydrogen and helium.
oxygen and nitrogen.
water vapor and carbon dioxide.
methane and ammonia.
sulfuric acid vapor and CO2.
Explanation: A greenhouse gas lets shorter-wavelength light pass through, but absorbs longer-wavelength light.
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6. Question 3 Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere
we would not have to worry about ecological problems.
the Earth’s oceans would be frozen.
the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less.
the icecaps would have melted.
global warming would still occur.
Answer: b
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7. Question 3 Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere
we would not have to worry about ecological problems.
the Earth’s oceans would be frozen.
the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less.
the icecaps would have melted.
global warming would still occur.
Explanation: Earth’s greenhouse effect makes the planet about 40ºC hotter than it would otherwise be. This raises the average surface temperature above the freezing point of water.
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8. Question 4
The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the
ozone layer.
exosphere.
Van Allen radiation belts.
corona.
aurora borealis and australis.
Answer: c
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9. Question 4
The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the
ozone layer.
exosphere.
Van Allen radiation belts.
corona.
aurora borealis and australis.
Explanation: The Earth’s magnetosphere influences the charged particles of the solar wind. Some particles are channeled toward the poles, creating the aurora.
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10. Question 5
At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest?
New Moon
Waxing crescent Moon
Full Moon
Third-quarter Moon
Both new and full Moon
Answer: e
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11. Question 5
At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest?
New Moon
Waxing crescent Moon
Full Moon
Third-quarter Moon
Both new and full Moon
Explanation: At new and full Moon phases, the Sun and Moon combine to stretch the Earth and its oceans even more. We see higher high tides and lower low tides.
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12. Question 6
What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth?
The Sun’s gravity
Earth’s magnetic field
Earth’s tidal force
The solar wind
The Moon’s magnetic field
Answer: c
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13. Question 6
What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth?
The Sun’s gravity
Earth’s magnetic field
Earth’s tidal force
The solar wind
The Moon’s magnetic field
Explanation: Just as the Moon creates tides on Earth with its gravitational force, the Earth affects the Moon, too. Because of Earth’s tidal force, the Moon spins once a month.
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14. Question 7 Lunar maria are found uniformly all over the Moon.
mostly on the side facing Earth.
mostly on the far side of the Moon.
only in the dark areas, out of sunlight.
in the highlands, among mountains.
Answer: b
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15. Question 7 Lunar maria are found uniformly all over the Moon.
mostly on the side facing Earth.
mostly on the far side of the Moon.
only in the dark areas, out of sunlight.
in the highlands, among mountains.
Explanation: Because the Moon keeps its near side always facing Earth, that side has a thinner crust and is also less cratered.
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16. Question 8
A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from
ultraviolet radiation.
charged particles in the solar wind.
meteor impacts.
optical radiation.
radar waves.
Answer: a
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17. Question 8
A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from
ultraviolet radiation.
charged particles in the solar wind.
meteor impacts.
optical radiation.
radar waves.
Ozone in the stratosphere (about 3050 km high) absorbs UV light, and heats the upper atmosphere.
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18. Question 9
Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field?
A compass pointing north
Aurorae
The Van Allen radiation belts
Volcanic eruptions
The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon
Answer: d
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19. Question 9
Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field?
A compass pointing north
Aurorae
The Van Allen radiation belts
Volcanic eruptions
The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon
Explanation: Our planet’s magnetosphere is generated by Earth’s rotation and its liquid metal core. In contrast, the Moon doesn’t have a magnetic field.
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20. Question 10
Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin?
The fission theory
The giant impact theory
The capture theory
The coformation theory
The fusion theory
Answer: b
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21. Question 10
Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin?
The fission theory
The giant impact theory
The capture theory
The coformation theory
The fusion theory
Explanation: The giant impact theory seems to explain why the Moon is similar to Earth’s mantle and why it doesn’t have a dense core.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.