1. Language Network
Elaboration

2. Elaboration
Elaboration
Elaboration provides details that help the reader fully understand the topic.

3. Elaboration
Types of Elaboration
Sensory Details
Facts and Statistics

4. Sensory Details
Sensory details are bits of information that you collect through your five senses.
sight
sound
touch
taste
smell

5. Sensory Details
When you elaborate with sensory details, you give the reader a much clearer idea of what you are describing.

6. Sensory Details
You can use a word web to help you add sensory details to your writing.
Smells like sweet, clean air
Feels like an ice-cream sundae
Tastes like cold cotton candy
Sounds like loud crunching
Looks like the stuffing in pillows My
First Snowfall

7. Sensory Details
STUDENT MODEL
SENSORY DETAILS
I saw snow for the first time when I was ten... When I looked out the window early one morning, it seemed like someone was shaking the stuffing out of pillows and letting it drift downward. I put on my new boots and ran outside. I was surprised by the noise of my boots crunching on the hard surface of the packed snow…The air smelled clean and sweet. I grabbed a handful of snow. It felt like I was putting my hand into an ice-cream sundae!...
SIGHT
SOUND
SMELL
TOUCH

8. Sensory Details
To gather details about a person or object, make careful observations. Keep a small notebook or journal with you and jot them down.
If you are writing about something that has happened, close your eyes and try to visualize the event.

9. Facts are statements that can be proved.
Facts and Statistics
Facts are statements that can be proved.

10. Statistics are facts expressed with one or more numbers.
Facts and Statistics
Statistics are facts expressed with one or more numbers.
Statistics can be used to make comparisons between things or between a part of something and the whole.

11. Facts and Statistics
When you elaborate with facts and statistics, you help your readers understand your ideas.

12. --Robert D. Ballard, Exploring the Titanic
Facts and Statistics
LITERARY MODEL
FACTS AND STATISTICS
The final size and richness of this new ship was astounding. She was 882 feet long, almost the length of four city blocks. With nine decks, she was as high as an eleven-story building…
As her name boasted, the Titanic was indeed the biggest ship in the world.
--Robert D. Ballard, Exploring the Titanic

13. Give your reader comparisons, not just numbers.
Facts and Statistics
Give your reader comparisons, not just numbers.

14. Elaborating with Visuals
Elaboration
Elaborating with Visuals
Diagrams
Other Visuals
Practice and Apply

15. Using visuals to elaborate is a great way to show rather than tell.
Elaboration
Using visuals to elaborate is a great way to show rather than tell.
Your reader can see at a glance what information you are giving and how it all fits together.

16. Diagrams
Diagrams
Diagrams are drawings that give information about an object or a process.

17. Types of diagrams include
time lines
flow charts
labeled drawings
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

18. You can elaborate with a diagram.
Diagrams
You can elaborate with a diagram.
A volcano is an opening in the crust of the earth where lava, ashes, and gases are released.
Inside a Volcano
Ash cloud
full of bits of rock and magma (hot, liquid rock)
Cone
layers of hardened, cooled lava and other materials ejected from the volcano
Magma chamber
volcanic eruption happens when magma travels upward and breaks through the earth’s crust
Central vent and side vent
magma flows from the chamber through here

19. Charts and graphs present facts and statistics in a visual format.
Other Visuals
Charts and graphs present facts and statistics in a visual format.
They let your reader see and compare information easily.

20. Other Visuals
STUDENT MODEL
CHARTS AND GRAPHS
Volcanoes have caused some of the worst natural disasters in history. Lava flows have destroyed whole towns, and people have starved to death because their farmland got covered with ashes and nothing could grow. Over the past 200 years, more than 250,000 people have died because of volcano eruptions. Four huge eruptions caused about 70 percent of those deaths.
(SEE NEXT SLIDE)

21. Deadliest Volcano Eruptions, Late 1700s-Present
Other Visuals
How does this graph elaborate on volcanoes?
STUDENT MODEL
CHARTS AND GRAPHS
Deadliest Volcano Eruptions, Late 1700s-Present

22. Add sensory details to the following sentence.
Practice and Apply
Add sensory details to the following sentence.
Barbara photographed a cactus in the desert. 1.

23. Add sensory details to the following sentence.
Practice and Apply
Add sensory details to the following sentence.
The big bear looked menacing. 2.

24. Add sensory details to the following sentence.
Practice and Apply
Add sensory details to the following sentence.
I remember my first trip to a movie theater. 3.

25. Provide facts or statistics to support the following statement.
Practice and Apply
Provide facts or statistics to support the following statement.
To see statistics you can use, click here.
Cultures around the world are rapidly becoming part of a global, fast-paced community. 4.

26. • More than one-fifth of the world population speaks English.
Practice and Apply
• In one California school 32 different languages are spoken by the student body.
• More than one-fifth of the world population speaks English.
• Television took 13 years to acquire 50 million users; within five years, the Internet had 50 million users.
• Russia, China, and India now have some of the same fast- food restaurant chains that the U.S. has.
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