1. Part Five The European Moment in World History 1750–1914

2. A. Europe’s new power included the ability to center human history and geography on Europe.
1. Europe was placed at the center of the world on maps
2. Europe was regarded as a continent in its own right
3. the rest of the world was defined in terms of distance from Europe (e.g., the Far East)
4. longitude was measured from the “prime meridian,” running through Greenwich, England

3. Growth of Eurocentric Thought
Types and Development of Man, 1904
Western Civilization, the cradle of morality and education; bringing light into the world in the presence of darkness. In Status and achievement we have:
1. The Anglo-American and European peoples. 2. The Burly Russian 3. The Japanese 4. The Hindu 5. The Turk 6. The Chinese 7. The Arab 8. The Indian 9. The Negro 10. The Ainu 11. The Bushman 12. The Neanderthal

4. B. History textbooks were Eurocentric.
1. non-European peoples were regarded as static and unchanging
2. general view that “backward” peoples must either Europeanize or go extinct
3. Eurocentrism wasn’t really challenged until around 1950
The discipline of world history emerged after World War II with a goal of counteracting Eurocentrism.

5. Countering Eurocentrism—five answers to the problem of European centrality
1. We need to remind ourselves how recent the European moment in world history has been.
2. Europe rose to dominance within an international context.
a. only the withdrawal of the Chinese fleet allowed European domination of the Indian Ocean (sixteenth century)
b. disease and internal divisions of Native Americans made the European takeover of the Americas possible
c. the Scientific Revolution drew on Islamic science and information from around the world
d. the Industrial Revolution benefited from New World resources and markets
e. local elites cooperated in European domination

6. Countering Eurocentrism—five answers to the problem of European centrality
3. Europe’s rise to global dominance was not easy or automatic.
4. Peoples of the world used Europeans and their ideas for their own purposes.
a. adaptation of borrowings to local circumstances
b. encounters between culturally different peoples are the most interesting stories of modern world history
5. Europeans were not the only game in town—Asians, Africans, and Middle Easterners had other concerns, too.

7. CHAPTER 17 Atlantic Revolutions and Their Echoes 1750–1914

8. Why do people revolt?
Why do revolts rarely happen in democracies?

9. Chapter 17 What Revolution was the most Revolutionary?

10. American Revolution
Tea, Taxes, and The American Revolution: Crash Course World History #28 – YouTube
Topics to ponder during the video:
Cause/Effects of Revolution
Whose ideas influenced the American revolution?
What was revolutionary about the American Revolution, and what was not?

11. What were the causes
Lack of political representation and high taxation of things such as Stamps, Paper, and Tea led to revolt.
Tea time in China – YouTube
America the Story of Us: Declaration of Independence
The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course US History #8

12. Q. In what ways did the ideas of the Enlightenment contribute to the Atlantic revolutions?
The Enlightenment promoted the idea that human political and social arrangements could be engineered, and improved, by human action.
New ideas of liberty, equality, free trade, religious tolerance, republicanism, human rationality, popular sovereignty, natural rights, the consent of the governed, and social contracts developed during the Enlightenment, providing the intellectual underpinnings of the Atlantic revolutions.
What nations enlightenment philosophers influenced us the most; England or France?
England (John Locke and Adam Smith; much less radical than the French)

13. Women were given ability to own and inherit property.
Q. What was revolutionary about the American Revolution, and what was not?
The American Revolution was revolutionary in that it marked a decisive political change; the end of the monarchy.
Eliminated Nobility
Women were given ability to own and inherit property.
Americans viewed themselves as equal to each other.
The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course US History #8

14. What was not revolutionary about the American Revolution?
It was not revolutionary in that it sought to preserve the existing liberties of the colonies.
Rich White Men ruled before and continued to rule after the American Revolution.
Not all men were truly created equal as Jefferson wrote. (slavery)

17. How the 13 colonies expanded and revolutionized North America in 75 years

18. A Revolutionary Recession Reading
What does Ronald W. Michener say caused the American Revolution?
Economic Conditions:
A downturn in the economy caused anger (loss of land, homes, and jobs) which was made worse by British Tax Policy

19. Too Late To Apologize A Declaration With Lyrics

20. French Revolution
The French Revolution [Documentary] [History Channel]
The French Revolution: Crash Course World History #29 – YouTube
Cause/ Effects
What was revolutionary about the French Revolution, and what was not?
How did the French Revolution differ from the American Revolution?
John Oliver Wealth Gap

22. What was revolutionary about the French Revolution, and what was not?
Revolutionary because you saw a complete change in traditional society; from elimination of estates, execution of a king, spread of ideas of liberty and equality, growth of nationalism through out Europe.
Development of the Guillotine: The idea of the death penalty as a humane way of ending a life and not as a form of torture.
The Guillotine Coroners Report

23. Not Revolutionary because you saw the
elimination of an absolute monarch (King Louis XVI) for an absolute Emperor (Napoleon)

24. Q. How did the French Revolution differ from the American Revolution?
While the American Revolution expressed the tensions of a colonial relationship with a distant imperial power, the French insurrection was driven by sharp conflicts within French society.
The French Revolution, especially during its first five years, was a much more violent, far-reaching, and radical movement than its American counterpart.
The French revolutionaries perceived themselves as starting from scratch in recreating the social order, while the Americans sought to restore or build upon earlier freedoms.
Unlike the American Revolution, the French Revolution led to efforts to create a wholly new society, symbolized by such things as a new calendar, a new administrative system, and new street names.
The French Revolution also differed from the American Revolution in the way that its influence spread. At least until the United States became a world power at the end of the nineteenth century, what inspired others was primarily the example of its revolution and its constitution. French influence, by contrast, spread primarily through conquest.

25. The French Revolution ("Bad Romance" by Lady Gaga) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXsZbkt0yqo

28. Haitian Revolution Cause/ Effects
The Enlightenment didn't just affect the United States and the French. The next place inspired by all three (Enlightenment, USA, France) was probably the last place anyone would expect a revolution. Before there was Hidalgo; before there was Bolivar; there was Toussaint. For France's greatest general to be defeated by a slave from France's most valuable colony was unlikely. And, it took an unlikely hero lead this revolution.
Haitian Revolutions: Crash Course World History #30 – YouTube
Cause/ Effects
What was distinctive about the Haitian Revolution in history?

29. What were the causes of the Haitian Revolution
Ideas of Enlightenment and French Revolution (liberty, equality, and fraternity), and the successful overthrow of the monarch during the American Revolution.
Slaves made up nearly 90% of Saint-Domingue's population

30. Q. What was distinctive about the Haitian Revolution, both in world history generally and in the history of Atlantic revolutions?
Its key distinctive feature in both world history and the history of Atlantic revolutions was that it was the only completely successful slave revolt.

31. Latin American Revolutions
Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 – YouTube
Cause/ Effects
How was Spanish American revolutions shaped by the American, French, and Haitian revolutions that happened earlier?
An Idiot Abroad Mexico - Cowboys - YouTube

33. Q. How were the Spanish American revolutions shaped by the American, French, and Haitian revolutions that happened earlier?
Napoleon conquered Spain and Portugal, deposing the monarchs who ruled over Latin America and forcing Latin Americans to take action.
Enlightenment ideas that had inspired earlier revolutions also inspired the revolutions in Latin America.
The violence of the French and Haitian revolutions was a lesson to Latin American elites that political change could easily get out of hand and was fraught with danger.

34. Q. What accounts for the end of Atlantic slavery during the nineteenth century?
Enlightenment thinkers in eighteenth-century Europe had become increasingly critical of slavery as a violation of the natural rights of every person, and the public pronouncements of the American and French revolutions about liberty and equality likewise focused attention on this obvious breach of those principles.
Some Christians in Britain and the United States felt that slavery was incompatible with their religious beliefs.
There was a growing belief that slavery was not essential for economic progress.

35. What accounts for the end of Atlantic slavery during the nineteenth century?
The actions of slaves, including the successful slave rebellion in Haiti and unsuccessful rebellions elsewhere, hastened the end of slavery by making slavery appear politically unwise.
Abolitionist movements brought growing pressure on governments to close down the trade in slaves and then to ban slavery itself.

36. Q. How did the end of slavery affect the lives of the former slaves?
In most cases, the economic lives of the former slaves did not improve dramatically.
Outside of Haiti, newly freed people did not achieve anything close to political equality.
The greatest change was that former slaves were now legally free.

37. Q. What accounts for the growth of nationalism as a powerful political and personal identity in the nineteenth century?
The Atlantic revolutions declared that sovereignty lay with the people.
Increasingly, populations saw themselves as citizens of a nation, deeply bound to their fellows by ties of blood, culture, or common experience.
Nationalism was often presented as a reawakening of older linguistic or cultural identities and certainly drew upon songs, dances, folktales, historical experiences, and collective memories of earlier cultures.
Governments throughout the Western world claimed to act on behalf of their nations and deliberately sought to instill national loyalties in their citizens through schools, public rituals, the mass media, and military service.
Dodgers boost security after Giants fan attacked – YouTube
YouTube - Vice - Rangers v Celtic Pt1
Old Men Brawl Over 50-Year-Old Football Rivalry - YouTube
(salty language, but good)

39. Q. What were the achievements and limitations of nineteenth-century feminism?
The achievements of the women’s movement include the admission of small numbers of women to universities and growing literacy rates among women overall.
In the United States, a number of states passed legislation allowing women to manage and control their own property and wages, separate from their husbands.
Divorce laws were liberalized in some places.
Professions such as medicine opened to a few women while teaching beckoned to many more.
Nursing was professionalized in Britain and attracted thousands of women into it, and social work, soon to be another female-dominated profession, took shape in the United States.

40. As far as limitations, aside from New Zealand, women failed to secure the right to vote in the nineteenth century.
Nowhere did nineteenth-century feminism have really revolutionary consequences.
What event in the early 20th Century is going to coincide with women get the right to vote in the U.S. and much of Europe?
World War I

41. Unit 17 Jeopardy

42. Pop a Caption in this!
I will show you an image and your group will then write a caption for this picture. The team who most creatively captions the picture with a blend of history and wit will get 1000 points added to the score.

47. In groups, you will create a persuasive PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following for your assigned Revolution:
Causes (short and long term)
Effects (short and long term)
Reasons why your revolution was more revolutionary than the others. Be sure to address the other 3 revolutions.
Topics/Revolutions:
1. North American 2. French
3. Haitian 4. Spanish American

48. Grading Rubric Causes Short Term 0 1 2 Long Term 0 1 2 Effects
Reasons why your Revolution is the most Revolutionary (addresses other 3)
Presentation (Creative, Persuasive, Shows Effort)
16 = A+ =
14= A- = 92-94
12 = B = 86-88
10 = C+ = 80-82
8= C- = 74-76
6 = D = 68-70
4-0 = F = 64 & below
15= A = 95-97
13= B+ = 89-91
11= B- = 83-85
9 = C = 77-79
7 = D+ = 71-73
5 = D- = 65-67

49. Will Count as a double classwork grade. Plus….
1st place group will get 5 points added to their Unit 4 Test.
2nd place team will get 3 points added to their Unit 4 Test.
3rd place will get 2 points added to their Unit 4 Test.